A review of behavioural and electrophysiological studies on auditory processing and speech perception in autism spectrum disorders |
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| Authors: | Birgitt Haesen Bart Boets Johan Wagemans |
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| Institution: | 1. Leuven Autism Research Consortium, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Leuven (K.U. Leuven), Herestraat 49 - Box 7003, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;2. Centre for Parenting, Child Welfare & Disabilities, University of Leuven (K.U. Leuven), Vesaliusstraat 2 - Box 3765, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;3. Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, University of Leuven (K.U. Leuven), Tiensestraat 102 - Box 3711, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;1. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt;2. Audiology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt;3. Phoniatrics Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt;1. Department of Psychology and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;2. Department of Psychology and Center for Neural Science, New York University, 6 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA;3. Psychology Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;4. Departments of Psychiatry & Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;1. Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway;2. Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;3. Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway;4. Regional Centre of Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Uni Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway;5. Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;6. K.G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;1. Laboratoire de Psychologie et Neurocognition (UMR CNRS 5105), Grenoble, France;2. Laboratoire de Neurosciences fonctionnelles et pathologies, UFR de psychologie, Université Lille3, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France;3. Centre d’excellence en trouble envahissants du développement de l’université de Montréal (CETEDUM), Hôpital Rivière-des-Prairies et Département de Psychiatrie, Montréal, Canada;4. Université de Savoie, Chambéry, France |
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| Abstract: | This literature review aims to interpret behavioural and electrophysiological studies addressing auditory processing in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Data have been organised according to the applied methodology (behavioural versus electrophysiological studies) and according to stimulus complexity (pure versus complex tones versus speech sounds). In line with the weak central coherence (WCC) theory of autism we aimed to investigate whether individuals with ASD show a more locally and less globally oriented processing style in the auditory modality. To avoid the possible confound of stimulus complexity, this influence was taken into account as an additional hypothesis. The review reveals that the identification and discrimination of isolated acoustic features (in particular pitch processing) is generally intact or enhanced in individuals with ASD, for pure as well as for complex tones and speech sounds. It thus appears that the local processing advantage is not influenced by stimulus complexity. Individuals with ASD are also less susceptible to global interference of speech-like material. A deficit in global auditory processing, however, is less universally confirmed. We propose that the observed pattern of auditory enhancements and deficits in ASD may be related to an atypical pattern of right hemisphere dominance. As the right and left hemisphere are relatively more specialized in spectral versus temporal auditory processing, respectively, right hemisphere dominance in ASD could provoke enhanced pitch and vowel processing, whereas left hemisphere deficiencies might explain speech perception problems and temporal processing deficits. |
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