A new gene encoding tRNAPro (GGG) is present in the chloroplast genome of black pine: a compilation of 32 tRNA genes from black pine chloroplasts |
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Authors: | Junko Tsudzuki Shiho Ito Takahiko Tsudzuki Tatsuya Wakasugi Masahiro Sugiura |
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Affiliation: | (1) Sugiyama Jogakuen University, Chikusa, 464 Nagoya, Japan;(2) Aichi-Gakuin University, 470-01 Nisshin, Aichi, Japan;(3) Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, 464-01 Nagoya, Japan |
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Abstract: | The chloroplast genome of black pine (Pinus thumbergii), a gymnosperm, contains 32 different tRNA genes, 30 of which correspond to those previously identified in tobacco and rice chloroplast genomes. Two additional genes encode tRNAPro (GGG) and tRNAArg (CCG); the former is newly identified while the latter is present in liverwort, Physcomitrella patens and Angiopteris lygodiifolia, chloroplast genomes. Moreover, a partial copy of the split tRNAGly (UCC) gene and full copies of tRNAHis (GUG), tRNAThr (GGU) and tRNASer (GCU) genes are present in the large single-copy region of the genome, suggesting extensive rearrangements of the chloroplast genome during evolutio. No tRNA genes whose tRNA products can recognize codons CUU/C (Leu) and GCU/C (Ala) have been found. We propose that the 32 tRNAs are sufficient to read all the 61 sense codons in the black pine system using the two-out-of-three and the U:N wobble mechanisms. |
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Keywords: | Black pine Chloroplast Codon usage tRNA gene |
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