慢性乙醇中毒大鼠下丘脑视上核神经元的超微结构变化

目的研究乙醇对大鼠下丘脑神经元形态的影响。方法Wistar雌性大鼠自孕期开始全部饮用20％乙醇溶液；选其所生雄性仔鼠30只，生后亦全部饮用相同溶液，建立慢性乙醇中毒动物模型。将实验动物分别饲养至6个月、12个月和18个月末，断头处死取下丘脑组织，电子显微镜下观察其形态学变化。结果实验组大鼠下丘脑视上核神经元大部分线粒体嵴和膜融合，部分线粒体有空化现象；粗面内质网明显扩张，有颗粒融合和脱颗粒现象；游离核糖体明显减少；核外形皱缩、核膜界限不清。对照组动物下丘脑组织未见病理变化。结论乙醇对下丘脑视上核神经元有明显的损伤作用。

Ultrastructural changes in supraoptic nucleus neurons in the rats with chronic alcoholism

Objective To investigate the ultrastructural changes in supraoptic nucleus neurons of hypothalamus in alcoholism rats.Methods To develop the animal model of chronic alcoholism,led the pregnant domestic rats drink 20% ethonal solution during pregnancy,and 30 of the male offspring were fed with the same solution after being born.The animals were sacrificed at the end of 6,12 and 18 months respectively after birth and the hypothalamuses were sectioned.To observe morphologic changes in the supraoptic nucleus neurons,the specimens were fixed in Bouin’s solution,embedded and cut into ultraslictions according to TEM method.Results The nucleuses pycnosed and were out of shape in supraoptic nucleus neurons in chronic alcoholism rats,rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER) expanded,degranulated and fused into irregular vacuoles and free ribosomes decreased,mitochondria dilated and the crista ruptured and disappeared.Conclusion Ethonal can significantly injure supraoptic nucleus neurons in the hypothalamus in the alcoholism rats.