彩色多普勒超声在脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化诊断中的应用

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声对脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化的诊断价值。方法:对123例脑梗死患者及90名正常人的颈动脉内中膜厚度及斑块形成进行对比分析。结果:脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成检出率63.4%，单纯内膜增厚检出率21.9%；55岁以上组颈动脉斑块检出率明显高于55岁以下组（P<0.05）。正常人颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成检出率6.7%；单纯内膜增厚检出率11.1%；脑梗死组颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成检出率高于对照组（P<0.01）；脑梗死患者患有高血压病的颈动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率72.6%，患糖尿病的颈动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率60.0%，同时患有高血压及糖尿病颈动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率84.4%，明显高于无高血压及糖尿病患者（P<0.01）。结论:彩色多普勒超声检查可早期发现脑梗死患者是否有颈动脉粥样硬化，以55岁以前为关键期，是一种无创、有价值的实用方法。

The value of color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of carotid atherosclerosis of patients with cerebral infarction

Objective：To explore the value of color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of carotid atherosclerosis of patients with cerebral infarction.Methods：The medial membrane thickness of carotid artery and plaque formation in 123 cases with cerebral infarction and 90 healthy people were analyzed.Results：The detection rates of carotid atherosclerosis plaque formation and pure intima thickening in the patients with cerebral infarction were 63.4％ and 21.9％,respectively,the detection rate of plaque formation in more than 55 years old patients was significantly higher than that in less than 55 years old patients（P ＜ 0.05）.The detection rates of carotid atherosclerosis plaque formation and pure intima thickening in healthy people were 6.7％ and 11.1％,respectively.The detection rate of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with cerebral infarction was higher than that in healthy people （P ＜ 0.01）.The detection rates of carotid atherosclerosis plaque formation in patients with cerebral infarction complicated with hypertension,diabetes and above two kinds of diseases were 72.6％,60.0％ and 84.4％,respectively,which was significantly higher than that in cerebral infarction patients without hypertension and diabetes （P ＜ 0.01）.Conclusions：Color Doppler ultrasound examination can early detect the carotid atherosclerosis in patients with cerebral infarction,which is a noninvasive and valuable method.The less than 55 years old of patient is a critical period.