PM_(2.5)对大鼠肝、脾、肾组织的氧化损伤效应

目的探讨PM2.5对大鼠肝、脾、肾组织抗氧化酶活力和脂质过氧化(LPO)水平的影响。方法选取32只雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分为4组,分别用0、1.5、7.5、37.5mg/kg的PM2.5经气管注入染毒后24h处死大鼠,测定肝、脾、肾组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力,谷胱甘肽(GSH)和硫代巴比妥酸反应物(TBARS)含量。结果PM2.5染毒组大鼠肝、肾组织内SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活力和SOD/TBARS比值均较对照组降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),具有剂量-效应关系。各染毒组TBARS/GSH-Px比值较对照组显著升高(P<0.01,P<0.001)。染毒组脾、肾组织GSH含量较对照组显著下降(P<0.05,P<0.01),而染毒组肝组织GSH含量则出现先升高后降低的非线性变化特征(P<0.01,P<0.05)。染毒组肝组织LPO水平出现剂量-效应性升高(P<0.05),染毒组脾组织各种抗氧化酶活力、LPO水平和TBARS/GSH-Px比值均未见显著变化。结论PM2.5可引起大鼠肝、肾组织的氧化损伤。

Oxidative Damage Effect of Particulate Matter (PM_(2.5)) on the Livers, Spleens, Kidneys of Rats

Objective To investigate the effects of airborne fine particulate matter(PM2.5) on anti-oxidative enzymes activities and lipid peroxidation levels in livers, spleens, and kidneys of rats. Methods 32 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into PM2.5 exposure groups of different concentration (1.5, 7.5, 37.5 mg/kg), exposed by tracheoperfusion and control group treated with physiological saline. Rats were killed 24 h after treatment, and the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), glutathione(GSH) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) were determined. Results PM2.5 exposure caused significantly decrease of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, SOD/TBARS in livers and kidneys in a dose-dependent manner compared with control group (P<0.05, P<0.01), and TBARS/GSH-Px significantly increased compared with the control (P<0.01, P<0.001). The contents of GSH in spleens and kidneys appeared a significant decrease comparing with control group (P<0.05, P<0.01), whereas in livers PM2.5 exposed at low concentration caused a significant increase and at higher concentration caused a significant decrease (P<0.01, P<0.05). The LPO levels in livers increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). However, the changes of LPO levels and antioxidative enzymes activities as well as TBARS/GSH-Px in spleens were significant compared with the control. Conclusion The results of the present paper demonstrate that PM2.5 may cause oxidative damage to livers and kidneys of rats.