社区人群甲状腺结节的流行病学研究

目的通过调查社区人群甲状腺结节的患病情况,了解其流行病学特征。方法整群抽取样本地区成年常住居民1472例,进行甲状腺结节筛查及一般情况调查。结果共检出甲状腺结节215人,检出率14.6%。女性的发病率高于男性,随着年龄的增加,发病率逐渐增加。男性和女性单发结节与多发结节的构成比及结节大、中、小的构成比无明显差异。男性单发结节、多发结节与正常人群TSH结果比较差异无统计学意义,女性多发性结节的TSH水平低于单发结节及正常人群。女性及年龄>40岁是甲状腺结节的危险因素。结论中年女性甲状腺结节的发病率最高,在临床的预防和治疗中应注意其发病特征,及时诊断、及早治疗。

Epidemiologic study of community people with thyroid nodule

Objective To suvery morbidity of community people with thyroid nodule and to understand it＇s epidemiologic features. Methods A total of 1472 adults were selected by cluster sampling randomly to receive thyroid nodule screening and general situation investigation. Results There were 215 cases with thyroid nodule, the accounting rate was 14.6%. Morbidity rate of woman was higher than that of man. Morbidity rate was increasing along with the increase of age. There were no difference in constituent ratio of solitary nodule and multiple nodule between woman and man. So did large, middle and small nodule. There were no difference in TSH of man with solitary nodule, multiple nodule and normal adults. TSH in woman with multiple nodule was lower than with solitary nodule and normal adults. The risk factors of the thyroid nodule were female and age over 40 years old. Conclusion Morbidity rate of thyroid nodule＇s in middle aged women is highest. The prevalent featues should be noticed in prevention and treatment.