Histogenesis of dieldrin and DDT-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in Balb/c mice

Male, Balb/c mice were fed diets containing dieldrin (10 ppm) and DDT (100-175 ppm) for 75 weeks. Control and treated mice were serially killed and their livers analyzed by histological and histochemical procedures after 2, 4, 8, 16, 36, 52 and 75 weeks of exposure. Mice administered both chlorinated hydrocarbons initially responded with centrolobular hepatocytomegaly. The cells were characterized by decreased glucose-6-phosphatase and succinate dehydrogenase activity. At later periods 52 through 75 weeks, foci of phenotypically-altered hepatocytes were noted. The cells of these lesions were basophilic or clear-staining in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections and displayed increased gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity. In mice preloaded with iron dextran, cells of foci were negative for iron when the surrounding parenchyma was siderotic. Hepatocellular adenomas (HA) and carcinomas (HPC) were composed of cells with increased gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and decreased glucose-6-phosphatase and succinate dehydrogenase activity. In iron loaded mice, the cells of HA and HPC did not stain for iron in otherwise siderotic surroundings. Both hepatocellular foci and adenomas may be potential precursors of mouse hepatocellular carcinomas.