心血管生物力学与力学生物学2022年研究进展

心血管系统对整个生物体起着至关重要的作用。它执行许多重要功能，如为器官和组织提供营养、激素、向细胞输送氧气和维持生理温度。长期以来，准确识别机体血管壁的体内非线性、各向异性的力学特性一直被认为是心血管生物力学领域的关键挑战之一，因为这些特性是整个心脏功能的关键决定因素。目前，机械力和组织力学特性在动脉瘤、动脉粥样硬化等心血管疾病中的作用仍然是基础与临床研究的热点。本综述总结了2022年心血管生物力学与力学生物学领域的最新研究进展。在心血管生物力学方面，研究者关注心血管系统的结构、功能和病理生理学，并利用力学模型等方法来研究这些问题；主要包括动脉粥样硬化、动脉瘤和心肌梗死等疾病的生物力学特性研究，以及基于心血管系统动力学的治疗方法的开发和测试。在力学生物学方面，研究者探索了心血管细胞的力学特性和细胞外基质力学特性等；主要包括基于机器学习的细胞力学性质预测、生物材料力学性能研究以及力学特性在心血管细胞表型变化中的作用。这些研究成果为心血管疾病的诊断和治疗提供新的思路和方法，并为生物力学和力学生物学领域的研究提供新的启示。

Advances in Cardiovascular Biomechanics and Mechanobiology Research in 2022

The cardiovascular system plays a crucial role in the entire organism. It performs many important functions, such as providing organs and tissues with nutrients, hormones, delivering oxygen to cells, and maintaining physiological temperature. For a long time, accurately identifying the nonlinear and anisotropic mechanical properties of the vascular wall within the body has been regarded as a key challenge in cardiovascular biomechanics, as these properties are critical determinants of overall cardiac function. Currently, the roles of mechanical and tissue properties in cardiovascular diseases such as arterial aneurysms and atherosclerosis remain hot topics in both basic and clinical researches. This review aims to summarize the latest research advances in the field of cardiovascular biomechanics and mechanobiology in the year 2022. In terms of cardiovascular biomechanics, researchers focus on the structure, function, and pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system, and use experimental methods such as mechanical modeling to study these issues. These include studies about biomechanical properties of diseases such as atherosclerosis, arterial aneurysms, and myocardial infarction, as well as the development and testing of treatment methods based on dynamics of the cardiovascular system. In terms of mechanobiology, researchers explore mechanical properties of cardiovascular cells and extracellular matrix, including prediction of cell mechanical properties based on machine learning, studies of biological material mechanical properties, and the role of mechanical properties in cardiovascular cell phenotype changes. These research findings provide new ideas and methods for diagnosing and treating cardiovascular diseases and offer new insights into researches in biomechanics and mechanobiology fields.