Intraoperative use of real-time ultrasonography in neurosurgery: with special reference to head injury and intracerebral hemorrhage]

We used B mode ultrasonography during 61 craniotomies performed in the acute stage after head injury, intracerebral hemorrhage, ruptured cerebral aneurysm and so on. We examined intracerebral lesions, new hemorrhages near the operative field, and contralateral hemorrhages appearing simultaneously intraoperatively. The resolution with ultrasonography was similar to that of CT and had few obstructing artifacts. It was easy to use and very useful for diagnosing abnormal intracranial mass lesions during craniotomy, mainly for the acute stage of head injury or intracerebral hemorrhage.