Cerebrospinal Fluid Antibodies Directed against Neuron-Associated Gangliosides in HIV-1 Infection |
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Authors: | M Gisslén A Lekman P Fredman |
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Institution: | Institute of Internal Medicine, Dept. of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, S-416 85 G?teborg, Sweden; Phone: +46-31-3434000, Fax: +46-31-847813, e-mail: magnus.gisslen@infect.gu.se, SE Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, G?teborg, Sweden, SE
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Abstract: | Summary
Background: Loss of synapses and neurons is a common finding in HIV-1 infection. Since the in vivo infection of neurons by HIV-1 is limited, indirect factors are likely to contribute to the pathogenesis.
Patients and Methods: We have analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples from 25 HIV-1-infected individuals (nine with and 16 without
CNS complications) and 19 HIV-negative controls with aseptic meningitis or viral encephalitis, for the presence of antibodies
directed against the neuron-associated gangliosides GM1, GD1a and GD1b.
Results: Positive antibody titers to ≥ 1 of the gangliosides were found in 13/25 HIV-1-infected patients in CSF and in 17/25 in serum.
Significant correlations were found between the presence and titers of CSF antibodies against GM1, GD1a, and GD1b. Six out
of nine patients with, and 3/16 without neurological complications (p < 0.05) had positive CSF titers of ≥ 1 of the ganglioside
antibodies combined with negative serum titers, indicating intrathecal antibody production. In contrast, only 1/19 controls
had detectable anti-ganglioside antibodies in the CSF.
Conclusion: The results should be interpreted with caution and CSF anti-ganglioside antibody production might be a part of a non-specific
intrathecal polyclonal immunoactivation. Nevertheless, autoantibodies directed against neuron-associated gangliosides might
be involved in the neuropathogenesis in HIV-1 disease.
Received: September 1, 1999 · Revision accepted: February 29, 2000 |
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Keywords: | HIV-1 Cerebrospinal fluid Anti-ganglioside antibodies Neuron |
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