Venous thrombosis in and after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: detection and follow-up by color Doppler sonography |
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| Authors: | M Riccabona M Kuttnig-Haim D Dacar B Urlesberger F Reiterer U Maurer G Zobel |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital, LKH Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, A-8036 Graz, Austria, AT;(2) Department of Neonatology, University Hospital, LKH Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, A-8036 Graz, Austria, AT;(3) Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital, LKH Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, A-8036 Graz, Austria, AT;(4) Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LKH Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, A-8036 Graz, Austria, AT |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of our study was to evaluate thrombosis of venous vessels during and after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
(ECMO) using color Doppler sonography. We prospectively performed serial color Doppler sonography investigations in 30 ECMO
patients age: newborn to 3 years, male:female = 20:10, venoarterial (VA) ECMO = 18, venovenous (VV) ECMO = 12]. During ECMO
obstruction and/or thrombosis of the superior vena cava (SVC) was observed in 2 neonates on VA ECMO. Furthermore, a thrombotic
clot from an initially open duct of Arantii with partial portal vein thrombosis, reaching into the inferior vena cava (IVC),
occurred despite adequate heparinization. After ECMO, late septic SVC thrombus occurred in one neonate. IVC thrombus was observed
in two pediatric VV ECMO patients. The overall incidence of venous clots was 20 % (6 of 30). Routine color Doppler sonography
monitoring of vessels in children on and after ECMO was found to be useful for early detection of venous thrombosis. It enabled
consequent administration of appropriate therapy as well as follow-up after decannulation and reconstruction.
Received 5 November 1996; Revision received 27 January 1997; Accepted 28 March 1997 |
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| Keywords: | : Color Doppler sonography Pediatric and neonatal ECMO Thrombosis |
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