不同性别高血压患者随年龄增加血压和 E／A 比值对房室结构影响的超声研究

目的：探讨不同性别高血压患者随年龄增加血压和 E/A 比值对房室结构的影响。方法1013例高血压患者，根据年龄分为青年组（287例）、中年组（419例）、老年组（307例），各组又根据性别分为男、女组，分别测量各组患者的收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、脉压（PP）、左心房内径指数（LADi）、左心室重量指数（LVMI）、二尖瓣口舒张早期峰值血流速度（E 峰）、舒张晚期峰值血流速度（A 峰），计算 E/A 比值。结果（1）LADi、LVMI、脉压、A 峰均随着年龄的增大而增大，收缩压、舒张压、E 峰、E/A 均随着年龄的增大而降低，其中在各年龄段中女性LADi、脉压、E 峰、A 峰均大于男性（P ＜0．05）。（2）青年组男性高血压患者 SBP、DBP、PP、A 峰、E/A 比值均与LVMI 相关，仅 SBP 与 LADi 相关，女性高血压患者 SBP、PP、E 峰、E/A 比值均与 LVMI 相关，仅 SBP、PP 与 LADi相关；中年组男性高血压患者的 SBP、DBP、PP 仅与 LVMI 相关（P ＜0．05）。结论不同性别高血压患者随年龄增加血压及 E/A 比值对房室重构的影响不尽相同，其中尤以青年高血压患者的收缩压、脉压和 E/A 比值与左心室重构密切相关为著。

On the influence of blood pressure and E/A ratio on hypertension atrioventricular structural with age in different gender

Objective To analysis the influence of blood pressure and E/A ratio on atrioventricular structur-al change with age in different gender patients with essential hypertension.Methods 1 013 patients with essential hypertension,according to the age,were divided into youth group （287）,middle-aged group （419）,elderly group （307）;then were measured the systolic blood pressure（SBP）,diastolic blood pressure （DBP）,pulse pressure（PP）,left atrium diameter index （LAI）,left ventricular mass index （LVMI）,ve-locity of mitral annulus during early diastole （E）and atrial contraction （A）and E/A ratio.Results （1） the parameters all decrease with age,which LADi,PP,E peak,A peak of women were more than the male in all ages.（2）The SBP,DBP,PP,A peak,E/A ratio were correlated with LVMI and SBP was cor-related with LADi in young male patients.The SBP,PP,E peak,E/A ratio were correlated with LVMI and SBP,PP were correlated with LADi in young female patients.Conclusion The SBP and PP is closely related to left ventricular remodeling,the E/A ratio is closely related to left atrioventricular remodeling in young male patients with hypertension.