多层螺旋CT诊断肝移植术后肝静脉流出道梗阻

目的 探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)在诊断肝移植术后肝静脉流出道梗阻(HVO)中的价值. 方法 回顾性分析5例在肝移植术后4～102天接受肝脏MSCT动态增强扫描并经血管造影证实为HVO患者的MSCT增强特征. 结果 5例患者中,肝左静脉吻合口狭窄1例,肝中静脉吻合口狭窄(闭塞)2例,肝右静脉吻合口狭窄1例,合并肝中静脉及下腔静脉吻合口狭窄1例.5例患者CT动态增强扫描显示为典型的肝脏淤血征象.CT平扫见梗阻的肝静脉引流区肝实质密度降低(1例因有出血而呈高、低混杂密度);增强扫描动脉期病变区均未见明显强化,静脉期病变区可见轻中度强化,并可见病变区内门静脉分支显影,延迟期病变区强化程度进一步增强.静脉期或延迟期可见梗阻的肝静脉显影,显示肝静脉吻合口狭窄.5例患者均接受介入治疗,术后临床症状改善,其中2例CT复查显示肝淤血缓解、肝静脉血流通畅. 结论 MSCT动态增强扫描可明确诊断肝移植术后HVO的部位及肝脏淤血范围.

Multi-slice spiral CT diagnosis of hepatic venous outflow obstruction after liver transplantation

Objective To assess the value of multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of hepatic venous outflow obstruction (HVO) after liver transplantation. Methods Five patients with HVO were confirmed with digital subtraction angiography and epigastric tri-phase contrast-enhanced CT scans within 4-102 days after liver transplantation, and the CT dynamic enhancement features were retrospectively evaluated. Results Among 5 patients, 2 had middle hepatic vein obstruction, 1 had left hepatic vein obstruction, 1 had right hepatic vein obstruction, and 1 had middle hepatic vein and inferior caval vein obstruction. Contrast-enhanced CT showed typical liver congestion in all 5 patients. The liver parenchyma drained by obstructed hepatic vein was low-density on CT plain scans (1 patient showed mix-density caused by liver parenchyma hemorrhage), while no enhancement on artery phase, moderate enhancement on venous phase and high enhancement on delay phase were observed. During the venous phase, peripheral portal branches were invariably enhanced in the congested area of liver parenchyma. During the delay phase, opacification of the obstructed hepatic vein could be seen. After all patients had treated with interventional therapy, their clinical symptoms were improved, and 2 patients received contrast-enhanced CT scans after interventional therapy, which showed liver congestion relieved and obstructed hepatic vein opacificated well in venous phase. Conclusion Multi-slice spiral dynamic enhancement CT scans can accurately display the location of HVO and the extent of liver congestion.