糖尿病患者预防糖尿病高危足的知识与行为调查及对策

目的：了解糖尿病患者对糖尿病高危足健康知识的认知度，提高糖尿病患者对糖尿病高危足健康知识和自我管理行为的能力，减少糖尿病足的发生。方法：采用调查表对糖尿病高危足患者进行问卷调查。结果：本组211例被调查中绝大多数患者对糖尿病高危足的相关知识了解甚少，其中不知道什么是糖尿病高危足的占92％，不知道危害性的占99％，88％的患者不知道错误保暖的危害，超过半数以上患者不懂日常足部的保健知识，70％的患者不知如何促进足部血液循环，而只有12％的患者坚持足部的主动护理。结论：糖尿病足发病率高，主要原因是没有足够的预防观念和措施。对于糖尿病足最根本的治疗是教育高危人群如何预防足部病变，通过对糖尿病患者有效的健康教育，使患者了解其健康状况，改变不健康行为，减少危险因素及诱因，提高治疗和护理的依从性，从而阻止糖尿病足的发生和发展。

The Knowledge and Behavior Investigation on the Prevention of High Risks of Diabetes Foot and Its Strategies

Objective： To investigate the diabetes patients＇cognition degree of high risks of diabetes foot, improve their health knowledge and ability of self-management behavior, and reduce the incidence of diabetic foot. Method： Questionnaire survey was performed among patients. Result： Of the 211 respondents, most of them had little understanding of high risks of diabetes foot, among them, 92% didn＇t know what is high risks of diabetes foot, 99% didn＇t know the harmfulness of the disease, 88% didn＇t know the danger of error warm--keeping, more than half didn＇t know the health care knowledge of foot, 70 % didn＇t know how to promote blood circulation of foot, and only 12% actively gave nursing to foot. Conclusion： Diabetes foot has high incidence rate for patients did not have enough preventive concept and measures. We should educate high risk population how to prevent the lesions of foot. With effective health education, we can help patients understand their health status, change unhealthy behavior, reduce risk factors and inducement, improve the compliance of treatment and nursing, and thus prevent the development of diabetes foot.