珠海市农村学龄前儿童伤害情况及其父母、教师相关知识调查

目的 了解珠海市农村学龄前儿童的伤害情况及其父母、教师的儿童伤害知识，为实施干预提供科学依据。方法 采取整群抽样的方法，对珠海市三灶镇在园儿童942个家庭的父母，45名任课教师进行儿童伤害情况及儿童伤害知识调查。结果 儿童伤害发生率为5．0％，伤害以意外跌落或坠落伤(61．4％)、烧烫伤(17．5％)为主，头部及四肢为主，分别为57．4％、37．0％。伤害的地点：幼儿园占14．0％，家庭占40．4％，幼儿园和家庭以外的其他场所为占45．6％。单次伤害的平均经济损失790．7元。父母的年龄越小和化水平越高，相关知识的正确回答率越高。母亲的知识一般高于父亲。国家工作人员的知识高于其他职业，农民最低。结论 农村学龄前儿童伤害较为严重，应该对儿童、家长及老师3类人群开展与儿童安全相关知识的健康教育，采用健康促进策略来预防与控制儿童伤害的发生。

Injuries of children in kindergartens in rural community of Guangdong province and the relevant knowledge among the parents and teachers: a study in Zhuhai

Objective To investigate the status of injuries of the rural preschool children and the relevant knowledge of their parents, and teachers. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 942 rural families with children in 9 kindergartens in Sanzaozhen, Zhuhai city, Guangdong province, and the 45 teachers of these kindergartens. Results The totals injury rate of these children was 5.0%.The injuries were composed mainly of accidental fall (61.4%) and burn (127.6%. Head and the limbs were the main parts to be injured (57.4% and 37.0% respectively. 40.4% of the injuries occurred at home, and 14.0% occurred in the kindergartens. Generally a single injury caused an economic loss of 790.7 yuan RMB on average. The correct answer rates to different questions about injury were over 90%, significantly higher than those of the parents. Less aged and higher the educational level the parents, the higher the correct answer rates. In general, the correct answer rates of mothers were higher than those of the fathers. The correct answer rates were different between the parents of different professions, the highest among the administrators and the lowest among the peasants. Conclusion The state of injuries among the rural children of Zhuhai city in Guangdong province is more severe than Macheng city in Hubei province.