甲醛对小鼠脑组织脂质过氧化及抗氧化酶的影响

目的：通过观察甲醛对小鼠脑组织脂质过氧化及抗氧化酶的影响，探讨甲醛对小鼠的神经毒性及作用机理。方法：采用腹腔注射方式给小鼠染毒，甲醛剂量分别为0.2 mg·kg^-1（1/2000 LD₅₀）、2.0 mg·kg^-1（1/200 LD₅₀）和20.0 mg·kg^-1（1/20 LD₅₀），每天1次，染毒7 d，测定小鼠脑组织的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷光甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的活力和丙二醛（MDA）的含量。结果：20.0 mg·kg^-1剂量组小鼠脑组织中MDA含量明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。2.0和20.0 mg·kg^-1剂量组小鼠脑组织SOD活性和GSH-Px活性均明显低于对照组 (P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论：甲醛可以引起染毒小鼠脑组织脂质过氧化，并降低抗氧化酶的活性，造成脑组织氧化性损伤。

Effects of formaldehyde on lipid peroxidation and antioxidase in mouse brain tissues

Objective To study the effects of formaldehyde on the lipid peroxidation and antioxidase in mouse brain tissues to explore the neurotoxic action of formaldehyde and its mechanism. Methods The mice in control group were exposed to 0.9% NaCl at 0.1 mL/10 g,the mice in low, moderate and high dose groups were exposed to formaldehyde with 0.2, 2.0, and 20.0 mg·kg~-1 i.p, once per day for seven days, and then the activities of SOD,GSH-Px and the content of MDA in mice were measured. Results The content of MDA in mouse brain tissues was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01) after exposure to 20.0 mg·kg~-1(1/200 LD50)formaldehyde; the SOD activitiy and the GSH-Px activitiy in mouse brain tissues were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01 or P<0.05) after exposure to 20.0 mg·kg~-1(1/20 LD50) and 2.0 mg·kg~-1(1/200 LD50) formaldehyde. Conclusion Formaldehyde might induce the lipid peroxidation, decrease the activities of SOD and GSH-Px, and cause the oxidative damage in mouse brain tissues.