苯巴比妥预防新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的探讨(附105例报告)

为了解苯巴比妥预防新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（ＨＩＥ）的效果，以１０５例新生儿窒息患儿为预防组，在出生后６ｈ内给予苯巴比妥负荷量，维持量用３～５天，对照组为同一病区未使用苯巴比妥预防前２年的１２４例新生儿窒息患儿。结果显示预防组ＨＩＥ的发生率（３９．０５％）较对照组（５２．４２％）显著降低（χ２＝４．０８，Ｐ＜０．０５），在中重度ＨＩＥ发生率之间的差异也有显著性（χ２＝３．９３，Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示苯巴比妥对ＨＩＥ的预防有一定效果，可降低ＨＩＥ的严重程度且未见不良反应。建议对新生儿窒息患儿在出生后６ｈ内常规给予苯巴比妥预防量，以期进一步降低ＨＩＥ的发生率及其严重程度。

Prevention newborns from hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy with Phenobarbital : A report of 105 cases

In order to study the result of phenobarbital in prevention the newborns from hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), 105 newborns suffered from asphyxia (preventive group) were given loading dose of phenobarbital in 6 hours after the birth and maintenance dose for 3 to 5 days as well, compared to the control group, 124 newborns suffered from asphyxia two years before in the same hospital who had not been given phenobarbital. It showed that the incidence rate of HIE in the preventive group (39.05%) was statistically lower than that in the control group (52,42%), χ 2=4.08. P<0.05. The incidence rate between moderate and severe patients was also statistically different, χ 2=3.93, P<0.05. It indicated that phenobarbital can prevent HIE and decrease the severity of HIE with least of adverse reaction. It is suggested that newborns suffered from asphyxia would be routinely given preventive dose of phenobarbital for further decrease of the incidence rate of HIE and its severity.