HPV感染与宫颈癌前病变

宫颈癌是一个由癌前病变逐渐衍变为癌的连续的病理过程。目前认为宫颈癌前病变,即宫颈上皮内瘤变与HPV感染有关。HPVs是一种双链小DNA病毒,由病毒蛋白外壳和核心DNA物质构成。病毒基因组分为早期基因区、晚期基因区及长调控区;其中早期区编码的E6、E7蛋白对于病毒的复制起关键作用。生殖道HPVs在有性活动的人群中普遍存在,在有性生活的女性中,至少有75%将在人生中的某个时间感染HPV。感染HPV后绝大多数人可以自然消退。只有感染了高危亚型、同时又具备其他高危因素的妇女才可能进展为HSIL或宫颈癌。因此对于HPV的感染既要重视,又不必恐惧。目前的治疗主要是针对由HPV引起的宫颈或外生殖器的局部病变。

HPV infection and preinvasive disease of cervix

Cervical carcinoma is a continuous pathological procedure from preinvasive lesion to carcinoma.Cervicalintraepithelial neoplasia-the preinvasive disease of cervix carcinoma-is currently regarded to be associated with HPV infection.HPV is a small double-stranded DNA virus composed of protein shell and DNA core.The gene group includes early coding region,late coding region and long control region.E6 and E7 protein which are coded in the early coding region play a crucial role in virus copy.HPVs in reproductive system are very common in sex-active people.At least 75% of women who have sexual life will infect HPVs in some period of their life.Most of them can regress,and only those infected by high risk type virus and combined with other high risk factors could progress to HSIL or cervical carcinoma.As to HPV infection,people should neither overlook it nor got scared.Currently,treatment of the local vulva or cervical lesion caused by HPV infection is the most effective.