护理人员工作压力源与倦怠感相关因素研究

目的调查分析护士工作压力源、工作倦怠感及相关影响因素，为认识和降低工作压力与倦怠感，提高护士的工作效率及护理质量提供参考。方法2011年9月－2012年2月，我们采用问卷调查法，对上海市宝山地区2所2级甲等医院和1所3级乙等医院的912名临床护士的工作压力源和工作倦怠感进行调查，并与文献进行比较。结果工作压力源的五大主要问题分数均高于文献（P〈0．001）；工作冷漠感分数高于文献（P〈0．001）；成就感低落分数低于文献（P〈0．001）；工作倦怠感与工作压力源、被辱骂次数相关（P〈0．01），与领悟社会支持量表（perceived stress scale score，PSSS）分、年龄和荣誉呈负相关（P〈0．01）；工作冷漠感与职称呈负相关（P〈0．01）；成就感低落与学历呈负相关（P〈0．01）。结论护士工作压力源与倦怠感较严重，护理管理者应采取积极干预措施，降低护士工作压力源与倦怠感。

Related factors of job stress sources and job burnout in nurses

0bjective To investigate the main job stress sources, job burnout, and related factors in nurses, and to improve efficiency and quality of nursing care. Methods A total of 912 nurses in 3 secondary hospitals in Baoshan District of Shanghai were surveyed by questionnaire method. Results The probems of job stress sources were higher than those in literature （P 〈0. 001 ） ; the score of scores of 5 major occupational indifference was higher than that in literature （P 〈0.001 ） ; the score of low sense of achievement was lower （P 〈 0. 001 ）. Job burnout was positively correlated with job stress sources and times of being abused （ P 〈 0. 01 ）,and negatively correlated with Perceived Stress Scale score （PSSS）, age and honor （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The occupational indifference was negatively correlated with professional title （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The low sense of achievement had a negative correlation with education background （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The present job stress sources and job burnout in nurses are very serious. The active interventions should be given by hospital managers.