探讨孕晚期阴道B族链球菌对妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨孕晚期阴道B族链球菌(GBS)对妊娠结局的影响。方法 560例进行常规产检的孕妇,根据2010年《围产期GBS预防指南》的要求采集孕妇的阴道分泌物标本,使用拭子在孕妇阴道1/3处旋转1周,室温保存送检。根据阴道B族链球菌感染与否分为观察组(阴道B族链球菌感染,50例)和对照组(非阴道B族链球菌感染, 510例)。比较两组孕妇不良妊娠结局、新生儿并发症发生情况。结果对照组早产、胎膜早破的发生率分别为9.80%、12.75%,均低于观察组的20.00%、30.00%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组难产、产后出血、羊水污染发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组新生儿窒息发生率9.80%、新生儿肺炎发生率9.80%均低于观察组的20.00%、20.00%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组新生儿病理性黄疸发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论孕晚期阴道B族链球菌感染是导致母婴不良结局的重要原因,应当及时通过阴道B族链球菌筛查予以有效防治,从而改善孕妇与胎儿的预后。

Discussion on effect of group B Streptococcus of vagina in late pregnancy on pregnancy outcome

Objective To discuss the effect of group B Streptococcus(GBS) of vagina in late pregnancy on pregnancy outcome. Methods A total of 560 maternal women with routine prenatal examination were divided into observation group(with group B streptococcal infection of vagina, 50 cases) and control group(without group B streptococcal infection of vagina, 50 cases). The vaginal secretion samples of pregnant women was collected by rotate 1/3 of the vagina with swab, and stored at room temperature for examination. The occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcome and neonatal complications was compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of preterm birth and premature rupture of membranes were 9.80% and 12.75% in the control group, which were lower than 20.00% and 30.00% in the observation group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in incidence of dystocia, postpartum hemorrhage, amniotic fluid pollution between the two groups(P>0.05). The incidence of asphyxia neonatorum and neonatal pneumonia were 9.80% and 9.80% respectively in the control group, which were lower than 20.00% and 20.00% in the control group, and their difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in incidence of neonatal pathological jaundice between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion Group B streptococcal infection of vagina in late pregnancy is an important cause of adverse outcome of mother and infant. It should be prevented and treated effectively through group B streptococcus screening in time, so as to improve the prognosis of pregnant women and fetus.