地震救援作业人员健康危害预警系统构建

目的构建灾害救援作业人员健康危害预警系统,避免因决策指挥失误导致对救援作业人员的健康危害。方法通过现场调查、文献检索,应用层次分析法建立指标体系,通过“人-机-环-管理”系统分析法,构建救援作业人员健康危害预警系统框架。结果灾害救援作业危害评价体系一级指标为人体因素、设备因素、环境因素和管理因素,二级指标共13个,三级指标共34个;构建包括健康风险、环境危害、装备风险和管理风险4个数据库,分别在灾害救援前期、中末期、休整期可做出健康危害预警。结论通过定性定量评价,健康危害预警系统可对灾害救援作业人员做出早期健康危害预警,有利于救援作业效率的提升。

Construction of early warning system for health hazards of earthquake rescue workers

Objective To construct a health hazard early warning system for disaster relief workers,and avoid the health hazards to rescue workers caused by mistaken decision.Methods Through on-site investigation and literature search,the index system was established by analytic hierarchy process,and the early warning system for health hazards of rescue workers was constructed by man-machine-environment-management system analysis method.Results The first-level indicators were identified as human factors,equipment factors,environmental factors and management factors in the hazard factors system of disaster relief operations.There were 13 secondary indicators and 34 third-level indicators.Four databases including health risk,environmental hazard,equipment risk and management risk were constructed,and health hazard early warning could be made in the pre-disaster relief period,mid-and late-disaster relief period,respectively.Conclusion Through qualitative and quantitative evaluation,the system can give early warning of health hazards to disaster relief workers,which is conducive to improving the efficiency of rescue operations.