Mechanism for converting Al2O3-containing borate glass to hydroxyapatite in aqueous phosphate solution |
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| Authors: | Di Zhao Wenhai Huang Mohamed N. Rahaman Delbert E. Day Deping Wang |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto M5B 2K3 Ontario, Canada;2. St. Michael''s Hospital, Toronto M5B 1W8 Ontario, Canada;3. Inamori School of Engineering, Alfred University, Alfred, NY 14802, USA;4. Oakville Trafalgar Memorial Hospital, Oakville L6J 3L7 Ontario, Canada;5. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;1. Tampere University of Technology, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, FI-33720 Tampere, Finland;2. BioMediTech, Tampere, Finland;3. Equipe Verres et Céramiques, UMR-CNRS 6226, Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes I, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France;4. Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500 Turku, Finland;5. nLIGHT Corporation, Sorronrinne 9, FI-08500 Lohja, Finland;6. Politecnico di Torino, DISAT, Istituto di Ingegneria e Fisica dei Materiali, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Torino, Italy |
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| Abstract: | The effect of replacing varying amounts (0–2.5 mol.%) of B2O3 with Al2O3 in a borate glass on (1) the conversion of the glass to HA in an aqueous phosphate solution and (2) the compressive strength of the as-formed HA product was investigated. Samples of each glass (10 × 10 × 8 mm) were placed in 0.25 M K2HPO4 solution at 60 °C, and the conversion kinetics to HA were determined from the weight loss of the glass and the pH of the solution. The structure and composition of the solid reaction products were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. While the conversion rate of the glass to HA decreased considerably with increasing Al2O3 content, the microstructure of the HA product became denser and the compressive strength of the HA product increased. The addition of SiO2 to the Al2O3-containing borate glass reversed the deterioration of the conversion rate, and produced a further improvement in the strength of the HA product. The compressive strength of the HA formed from the borate glass with 2.5 mol.% Al2O3 and 5 mol.% SiO2 was 11.1 ± 0.2 MPa, which is equal to the highest strengths reported for trabecular bone. The results indicated that simultaneous additions of Al2O3 and SiO2 could be used to control the bioactivity of the borate glass and to enhance the mechanical strength of the HA product. Furthermore, the HA product formed from the glass containing both SiO2 and Al2O3 could be applied to bone repair. |
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