家族性与散发性肥厚型心肌病基因突变的对比研究

目的 研究中国家族性及散发性肥厚型心肌病（HCM）患者的致病基因突变位点的异同。方法 对10个家系中36例HCM患者及50例散发的HCM患者进行B肌球蛋白重链（MYH7）、肌钙蛋白T（TNNT2）及肌球结合蛋白C（MYBPC3）扫描,聚合酶链式反应扩增,双脱氧末端终止法测序。结果家族性HCM患者中,3个家系的13例HCM患者发现MYH7错义突变,分别为18号外显子发生G12601A突变（Arg663His）、23号外显子发生G15373A突变（Glu924Lys）、20号外显子发生T13659C突变（Ile736Thr）,散发的50例HCM患者中,有1例发现MYH7的20号外显子上T13659C突变。所有HCM患者均未发现TNNT2基因突变。家族性HCM患者中有2个家系共4例发现MYBPC3基因突变：2例为18号外显子上的Arg502Trp、2例为13号外显子碱基插入突变,即在7425～7426间插入CGGCA,导致Arg346fs移码突变;50例散发性HCM患者中未发现此基因突变。结论 MYH7和MYBPC3可能为我国家族性HCM的主要致病基因之一,而我国散发性HCM患者MYH7和MYBPC3基因突变率低;TNNT2可能不是我国HCM患者的主要致病基因。

Comparative study of gene mutation between Chinese patients with familial and sporadic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Objective To compare the gene mutation between Chinese patients with familial and sporadic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 36 patients with familial HCM (FHCM) and 50 patients with sporadic HCM (SHCM), all un-related and from different provinces of China. PCR was used to amplify the 26 protein-coding axons of beta-myosin heavy chain (MYH7), 16 exons for cardiac troponin T (TNNT2), and 38 exons for cardiac myosin-binding protein C (MYBPC3). The amplified products were sequenced and compared with the standard sequence in the genBank so as to determine the potential mutation sites. Results (1) 13 of the 36 FHCM patients (36.1%) harbored 3 different mutations in MYH7 gene: Arg663His in exon18, Glu924Lys in exon23, and Ile736Thr in exon 20. Of the 50 SHCM patients, only 1 (2%) harbored MYH7 gene missence mutation: Ile736Thr located in exon 20. (2) TNNT2 was not identified in all SHCM patients and FHCM patients. (3) MYBPC3 was not identified in all SHCM patients. Four FHCM patients harbored 2 different mutations: Arg502Trp in exon 18 and Arg346fs in exon 13 respectively. Conclusion MYH7 and MYBPC3 may be the dominant disease-causing genes in Chinese familial HCM patients; however the mutation rate of MYH7 and MYBPC3 genes is significantly lower in the SHCM patients compared with the FHCM patients. TNNT2 seems not the predominant disease-causing gene in all Chinese patients with HCM.