Innate and adaptive immune gene expression profiles as biomarkers in human type 1 diabetes |
| |
| Authors: | D Han X Cai J Wen D Matheson J S Skyler N S Kenyon Z Chen |
| |
| Affiliation: | *Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, FL, USA;¶Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Miami, FL, USA;†Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Miami, FL, USA;‡Department of Medicine, University of Miami, FL, USA;**Department of Surgery, University of Miami, FL, USA;§Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami, FL, USA |
| |
| Abstract: | The mRNA levels of a set of immune-related genes were analysed with peripheral blood samples from at-risk, new-onset and long-term type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients, in comparison to those from healthy controls. The selected set includes T lymphocyte genes [CD3G and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4)], B lymphocyte genes (CD19 and CD20) and myeloid cell-related genes [CD11b, Toll-like receptor (TLR)-9, arginase (ARG1)]. Also included is a subset of the S100 family members that has been documented recently as regulatory elements of innate immunity. Samples from patients with long-term T1D had a reduced level of mRNA for most of selected innate and adaptive immune genes. No such reduction was detected in samples collected from at-risk or new-onset T1D patients. Analyses of regulatory gene expression ratios revealed a dynamic disproportion of CTLA4 versus CD3G expression in samples from at-risk, new-onset and long-term T1D patients. These changes could serve as immunological biomarkers for the status of the immune system during T1D progression and therapeutic interventions. |
| |
| Keywords: | autoimmunity CTLA4 diabetes human gene expression |
|
|
