甘肃省人体蛔虫感染调查分析

目的 了解甘肃省人体蛔虫病流行状况和态势,评估防治效果,为制定蛔虫病防治对策提供依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样,以生态区和各县农民年人均纯收入为副层抽样,采用改良加藤厚涂片法调查。感染率比较采用χ²检验。结果 10市（州）24个县（市、区）70个抽样点共调查17 937人,蛔虫感染326人,阳性率1.82%,326份人体蛔虫感染阳性样本,轻度感染320例,中度感染5例,高度感染1例,构成比分别为98.24%、1.47%、0.29%。男性感染率为1.81%,女性为1.82%,不同性别差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。人群普遍易感蛔虫,蛔虫感染率0~<5岁组最高（4.39%）,年龄组感染率采用趋势χ²检验,随年龄增加蛔虫感染率降低（Z=36.48,P<0.001）,差异有统计学意义;学龄前文化程度感染率高于其他组（P<0.01）;山区地形感染率高于其他3类地形（P<0.005）。黄土高原-江河源区-甘南生态区人群蛔虫感染率低于其他生态区,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。人群蛔虫感染率较高的地区是武威市、定西市、酒泉市、陇南市,感染率分别是4.40%、3.20%、2.44%和1.96%。结论 甘肃省人群蛔虫感染率和感染度显著下降,但蛔虫病仍是危害儿童健康的重点寄生虫病。 土源性线虫病在甘肃省局部特别是边远山区流行严重,应广泛开展健康教育,加强山区及儿童人群防控措施。

Investigation on human Ascaris infection in Gansu

Objective To understand the prevalence of A. Lumbricoides in Gansu province, and we provide scientificbasis for the development of prevention and control strategies.MethodsStratified cluster random sampling applied, theecological zones and the annual per capita net income of farmers were taken as sub-layer samples. Kato-Katz thick smeartechnique applied for investigation. Infection rate was analyzed using Chi square test.ResultsA total of A. Lumbricoides infection rate in the population was 1.82%(326/17 937) in 70 sampling points, within 24 counties(county level cities, districts),which belong to 10 cities(prefectures), constitute rate of mild level infection,medium level and severe level was 98.24%(320 cases), 1.47%(5 cases) and 0.29%(1 case),respectively. The infection rate was 1.81% in males and 1.82% in females, andthere was no significant difference between different sexes(P>0.05). The infection rate of Ascaris was the highest(4.39%) in0-<5 years old group. The infection rate of age groups analyzed with Chi square test for trend and infection rate decreasedwhile age of the groups increased, which indicated statistically exists(Z=36.48, P<0.001). The population of preschooleducational level has higher infection rate compared with other groups(P<0.01). The region of terrain characterized as mainmountains has higher infection rate compared with other terrain characterized as plain and hilly(P<0.005). The infection rate ofascaris in loess plateau-river source region-Gannan ecozone was lower than that in other ecozones, and the difference wasstatistically significant(P<0.05). The regions had higher infection rate of A. Lumbricoides were Wuwei City, Dingxi City,Jiuquan City and Longnan City, the infection rates were 4.40%, 3.20%, 2.44% and 1.96%, respectively.ConclusionSoil-transmitted nematode disease(STD) as A. Lumbricoides was important parasitology which seriously threatened children’shealth in Gansu Province, the infection rate and infection level had decreased dramatically. STD prevailed in parts of theProvince especially where terrain characterized as remote hilly, health education should be carried out on every one. Preventionand control measures for the diseases should be enhanced for susceptible population mainly children and teenagers in theterrain of mountains.