成都市147例新型冠状病毒感染者的流行病学特征

目的分析成都市新型冠状病毒(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)感染者的流行病学特征及变化趋势。方法收集2020年1—4月成都市公共卫生临床医疗中心收治的诊断为新型冠状病毒肺炎患者或新型冠状病毒无症状感染者资料,回顾性分析流行病学特征和临床分型。结果共收集新型冠状病毒肺炎患者或新型冠状病毒无症状感染者147例,其中男性77例,女性70例,年龄2个月~87岁。入院时间在1月有52例,2月61例,3月25例,4月9例。1月和2月以湖北暴露型和本地暴露型为主,3月和4月以境外输入型为主,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。聚集性病例以2月份最多,为39例,显著高于1月(22例)、3月(8例)和4月(1例)(均P<0.05)。1月入院的重型和危重型病例分别为9例和6例,2月入院分别为5例和12例,显著高于3月和4月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论成都市新型冠状病毒肺炎入院重型和危重型病例患者出现在疫情初期1—2月份,暴露类型由早期的湖北暴露转为本地暴露再转为境外暴露,防控境外输入型病例是今后的工作重点。

Epidemiological characteristics of 147 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Chengdu

Objective Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and trend of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection were conducted in Chengdu.Methods A total of 147 patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)or asymptomatic patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to Chengdu Public Health And Clinical Medical Center from January to April 2020 were collected,and their general data,exposures and clinical typing were analyzed retrospectively.Results Among the 147 patients,77 were males and 70 were females,aged from 2 months to 87years old.52 cases were admitted in January,61 cases in February,25 cases in March and 9 cases in April.In January and February,patients with exposure history of Hubei province and local were dominant,while in March and April,foreign imported type was dominant,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The prevalence of cluster cases was higher in February(39 cases)than in January(22 cases),March(8 cases)and April(1 case)(P<0.05,respectively).The number of severe/critically patients admitted to hospital in January(9 and 6)and February(5 and 12)was significantly higher than that in March and April,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion The number of COVID-19 hospitalized patients reached the highest level in February in Chengdu,and severe/critical cases appeared in January and February,the exposure type changed from the early Hubei exposure history to local exposure history and then to foreign imported type,prevention and control of imported cases from abroad will be a priority in the future.