缺血性脑卒中后血管性认知障碍的危险因素分析

目的：分析缺血性脑卒中后形成血管性认知障碍（VCI）的危险因素。方法选取开县人民医院神经内科2011年8月至2012年6月住院确诊为缺血性脑卒中的176例患者，对其可能发生的VCI危险因素进行统计分析。结果 VCI的发生与性别、吸烟史、饮酒史、冠心病、高血压等均无相关性（ P＞0．05），与年龄、糖尿病、白质疏松症有显著相关性（P＜0．01）；VCI的发病与脑卒中的发病次数、发病部位、发病面积均有相关性。其中脑卒中发病次数超过2次的患者VCI发病率（66．7％）明显高于少于或等于2次的发病率（35．7％），差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）；大面积脑卒中患者VCI发病率（66．7％）明显高于小面积脑卒中患者发病率（8．2％），差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）；发病部位为额、顶、颞、枕和丘脑的患者VCI发病率（74．3％、47．9％、67．4％、42．9％、60．0％）明显高于基底核患者发病率（24．3％），差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）。结论缺血性脑卒中后VCI与发病次数、卒中面积、病灶部位、糖尿病、白质疏松症等多种因素有关，患者如有上述危险因素易发生VCI ，应及早予以防治。

Analysis on risk factors of vascular cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke

Objective To analyze risk factors for vascular cognitive impairment （VCI） after ischemic stroke . Methods One hundred and seventy-six patients with ischemic stroke from Aug .2011 to Jun .2012 were selected , risk factors of vascular cognitive impairment were anlyzed .Results There was no correlation between VCI and gen-der ,smoking history ,drinking history ,coronary heart disease ,high blood pressure（P〉0 .05） ,there was a significant correlation with age ,diabetes mellitus ,leukoaraiosis（P〈0 .01）;The incidence of VCI and stroke incidence ,onset lo-cation ,incidence area were correlated with .Among them ,the probability of 66 .7% stroke patients with VCI more than 2 times the incidence was significantly higher than that of ≤ 2 was 35 .7% （P〈0 .01） ,the difference was signif-icant ;The probability of large area VCI in stroke patients was significantly higher than that in the small area for 66 .7% patients with stroke incidence（8 .2% ）（P〈0 .01） ,the difference was significant ;the incidence probability po-sition for frontal ,top ,temporal ,occipital and thalamus in patients with VCI （74 .3% ,47 .9% ,67 .4% ,42 .9% , 60 .0% ） was significantly higher than that of substrate nuclear patients （24 .3% ）（P〈0 .01） ,the difference was sig-nificant .Conclusion VCI is related with the times ,incidence of stroke lesion area ,diabetes ,leukoaraiosis and other factors of ischemic stroke ,patients with these risk factors should be prevented to avoid vascular cognitive impairment as soon as possible .