武汉0--6岁儿童扩大免疫接种率调查及其影响因素分析

摘要：目的了解武汉地区年0-6岁儿童扩大免疫疫苗接种情况，分析影响接种率的因素，为加强计划免疫工作，提高免疫接种质量提供依据。方法根据湖北省2011年各市GDP总值所占份额，在武汉地区随机抽取了三个区县，即江岸区、蔡甸区和江夏区，按人口容量比例在这三个区中共抽取5个街道和乡镇，合计612名儿童及对应的家长，利用问卷调查的方式对其进行扩大免疫接种率和家长依从性及满意度的调查。结果所调查的612名儿童，五苗（基础）全程接种率为98．19％，其主要影响因素为儿童户口类型、城乡类别和家长预防接种态度，并且非农户口比农村户口接种率高，农村地区的儿童接种率高于城镇，随着家长对于接种态度的认可程度的增强而增加。信息来源、性别、居住状态的差异无统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论增强对流动儿童的接种服务，改变家长对儿童接种的态度，完善接种人口管理网络，加大疫苗接种的宣教力度。

Survey of expanded vaccination coverage of 0-6 year-old children and its impacting factors in Wuhan

Abstract：Objective To understand the immunization status of children aged 0-6 years vaccinated by vaccines of the national expanded program on immunization （EPI）. To analyze the impacting factor of vaccination coverage. To provide basis for strenthening immunization program and improving the quality of immunization. Methods According to the proportion of GDP in each city in Hubei in 2011,3 districts were randomded in WUhan,that is,Jiangan District,Caidian District and Jiangxia District. According to the proportion of the population capacity,612 children and their parents were sampled in the sampled 3 districts,5 streets and towns. Questionnaires were used to investigate children＇s vaccination coverage and parents＇ dependence and satisfaction of immunization. Results of all the 612 investigated children in Wuhan,the coverage of children fully vaccinated by the five vaccines was 98.19% ,and the impacting factors of which were household register type, urban and rural classification and parents＇ attitude towards vaccination. The vaccination is higher in children with non-rural household registration than with rural household regis~ation,in children of rural areas than of urban areas,in parents with higher acceptance of vaccination than with lower acceptance. The disparity from different information sources, different sexes or residence condition is not statistically significant （P〉0.05）. Conclusions Strenthen the vaccination service for transient children. Improve parents＇ attitude towards their children＇s vaccination. Perfect the managing network for vaccinated population. Promote the propaganda of vaccination.