广州市天河口岸2010-2012年流感监测结果分析

摘要：目的了解天河口岸2010—2012年出入境人群流感流行特征，为科学防控疫情及进一步开展疫情预测预警提供依据。方法对2010—2012年天河121岸有流感样症状的出入境人员采鼻咽拭子，提取病毒RNA，采用荧光RT—PCR方法检测季节性甲型流感、乙型流感病毒核酸；同时进行流行病学个案调查。结果共采集鼻咽拭子1074份，其中流感病毒核酸阳性219份，总阳性率20．4％，各年度阳性率无差异。季节性H3型流感阳性96例，占43．8％，甲型H1N1流感阳性54例，占24．7％，乙型流感阳性69例，占31．5％，各年度流行优势株不同。总体男性样本阳性率18．8％（1181627），女性样本阳性率22．6％（101／447），阳性率无性别差异；0～5岁年龄组阳性率最低，为9．9％，与其他年龄组有显著差异；大陆居民样本阳性率21．9％（152／693），港澳台样本阳性率15．4％（27／175），其他国家样本阳性率19．4％（40／206），阳性率无差异。总体冬（12—2月）、春（3～5月）季阳性率最高，分别为27．6％和25．1％。结论2010～2012年，天河口岸流感流行强度处于正常水平，各年度阳性率无差异；流行毒株为甲型H1N1流感、季节性H3型流感及B型流感病毒，各年度的流行优势株不同；流感季节性高峰在冬春季，峰值出现在I~3月和5～7月，呈双峰型或单峰型。

Surveillance of influenza at Tianhe port in Guangzhou in 2010-2012

Abstract：Objective To understand the epidemiologic characteristics of influenza at Tianhe port from 2010 to 2012. Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs from patients with symptoms of influenza-like illness were collected from 2010 to 2012 at Tianhe port. Influenza virus was detected by real time PCR. Results In total of 1 074 swabs,219 eases were positive, with a positive rate of 20.39%. Ninety-six eases were infected with season A H3 viruses （43.83%）,54 eases with influenza H1N1 viruses （24.66%） and 69 eases with influenza B viruses （31.51%）,the positive rate of influenza virus was highest, respectively 27.63% and 25.08% in Winter （December to February） and spring （March to May）. Conclusions the influenza epidemic status were at the normal level at Tianhe port during the period of 2010-2012,no difference in influenza positive rate of annual. Epidemic strains were influenza H1N1 viruses,seasonal A H3 virus and influenza B virus,the predominant strain was different each year,The season peak of influenza epidemic was in winter and spring,as s single peak or double.