成年大鼠脊髓损伤后损伤区血管变化及其与星形胶质细胞的关系

目的研究成年大鼠脊髓损伤后损伤区内血管的变化及其与星形胶质细胞的关系。方法通过单宁酸-氯化铁灌注，结合形态学与免疫组织化学方法，观察正常大鼠脊髓以及挤压损伤后0h、24h、72h．1周、2周、4周时的血管形态及其与星形胶质细胞的关系。结果正常脊髓血管形态清晰，可见胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）免疫反应阳性细胞突起附着于血管壁上；脊髓损伤后0h损伤区血管连续性中断，未见GFAP免疫反应阳性细胞；72h时损伤区出现血管；1周时损伤区内血管数目较多，可见GFAP免疫反应阳性细胞；2周时损伤区空洞形成，周围可见少量GFAP免疫反应阳性细胞附着于血管；4周时损伤区内围绕空洞的血管交错排列，与GFAP免疫反应阳性细胞突起形成广泛关联。结论脊髓损伤后72h内推测是治疗脊髓损伤后损伤区组织缺血的有效时间窗，损伤后星形胶质细胞参与了血管结构的恢复。

Changes of vessels and their association with astrocytes in injury site of adult rats after spinal cord injury

Objective To study the changes of the vessels and their association with astrocytes in the spinal cord injury of adult rats. Methods Tannic acid-ferric chloride infusion method, combined with morphological and immunohistochemical methods, was used to investigate the vessels and their relationship with astrocytes in the normal spinal cord and the injured spinal cords at 0, 24, 72 h, 1 , 2,4 weeks following compression injury. Results The vessels in the uninjured spinal cord were clear in shape, and with the GFAP-immunoreactive astrocyte processes on the wall. At 0 h after injury, the vessels were disrupted and GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes disappeared in the injury site. At 8 and 24 h, the lesion was enlarged. At 72 h, vessels could be seen in the injury site. At 1 week after injury, the number of vessels was increased and GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes appeared in the injury site. At 2 weeks, cavities were formed in the injury site, a few GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes were found adhered to the vessel wall. At 4 weeks, the vessel mixed around the cavities and formed an extensive association with the GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes. Conclusion The effective time of curing the ischemia of the injured tissue is possibly within 72 h after spinal cord injury. Astrocytes are involved in the recovery of the vessels after spinal cord injury.