呼吸道标本耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌阳性患者的临床调查及分析

目的调查呼吸道标本耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)阳性患者的临床特点,为抗生素的合理应用及医院感染控制提供依据。方法回顾性分析2005年1月～2007年10月在我院呼吸道标本中检出MRSA的211例住院患者的临床资料。结果211例患者中,有196例(92.9%)在检测出MRSA前3个月使用过抗菌药物,128例(60.7%)使用过3种以上抗菌药物。本组MRSA菌株对左氧氟沙星、红霉素、克林霉素和庆大霉素的耐药率均在90%以上,对利福平的耐药率为73.9%,未发现万古霉素耐药菌株。结论应当尽量避免抗菌药物的不必要使用,MRSA的治疗可首选万古霉素。

Clinical Characteristics of Methiciilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Phlegm Specimens

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in phlegm specimens of positive patients, so as to provide evidences for the nosocomial infection control. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 211 hospitalized patients who were MRSA-positive in their phlegm specimens in PUMC Hospital from January 2005 to October 2007. Results Among the 211 patients, 196 (92.9%) had received antibiotics three months before the detection of MRSA, and 128 (60.7%) had received more than three antibiotics. Over 90% of MRSA were resistant to levofloxacin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and gentamicin, and 73.9% were resistant to rifampicin. Conclusions Improper use of antibiotics should be avoided. Vancomycin is the first choice for MRSA treatment.