广州市居民人禽流感及流感大流行信息需求的电话调查

目的了解广州市公众对人禽流感及流感大流行的信息需求,制定有针对性的沟通信息,为人禽流感及流感大流行发生时,与公众进行有效沟通做准备。方法采用电话问卷调查方法获得所需信息。自制调查表,经预调查修订后,再进行正式调查。结果共拨打4121个电话号码,电话调查有效应答率为52.4%。广州发生动物禽流感及人禽流感疫情后,被调查者49.3%对事件不感兴趣,仅10%关注事件。政府公布信息后,11.6%的公众认为政府隐瞒了信息。在信息沟通方面(健康教育宣传),0.7%的公众认为宣传资料内容太多,分不清主次;3.5%感到宣传资料太专业,看不明白;4.4%认为政府提供的信息不是个人想得到的。假设广州发生流感大流行,害怕这种状况发生的公众优先选择的3项措施为不去人多的地方(51.8%)、不吃鸡肉(50.4%)、勤洗手(44.2%),仅6.2%的公众选择打喷嚏时捂嘴。公众对人禽流感需要的主要信息为一般性的知识问题,如人禽流感的现状是怎样的(66.7%)、与疫苗相关的问题(42.4%)、怎样预防禽流感(36.3%)、是否有治疗和预防的药物(25.8%)、如何消毒(21.9%)等。公众对流感大流行的主要信息需求为与隔离有关的问题(62.2%)、希望得到政府的及时公告(50.9%)、政府的控制措施是什么(35.7%)、个人能做什么准备工作(30.1%)、大流行发生时,公众应该做什么(23.4%)等。结论电话调查应答率较高,广州市居民可以接受电话访问的调查方式。90%的公众不关注禽流感事件,公众对流感大流行的相关信息了解较少。

Telephone Survey on Guangzhou Residents' Information Need on Human Infection With Avian Influenza and Influenza Pandemic

Objective To understand Guangdong residents＇ information need on human infection with avian influenza and influenza pandemic and provide effective message to the pulic when human infection with avian influenza and influenza pandemic occurred. Methods Data were collected through telephone questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was self-designed, evaluated and revised after pilot survey, then applied in the formal survey. Results A total of 4 121 telephone number were called and the effective response rate was 52. 4%. When avian influenza occurs in animals and human beings, 49.3% respondents said that they would not be intereted in the event and only 10% would pay close attention. About 11.6% of the respondents believed that the government had concealed the truth even though press release was issued. In respect communication message （health education）, 0. 7% of the respondents thought that the contents of the publicity materials were overmany and not arranged in order of priority; 3.5% felt that the publicity materials were too professional to be understood; 4.4% felt that the message provided by the government were not what they wanted. Among the respondents who worried about Guangzhou being affected by influenza pandemic, keep social distance （51.8%）,not eating chicken （50. 4% ）, washing hands frequently （44.2%）, were the top three priority preventive measures. Only 6.2% cover nose and mouth when coughing and sneezing. Message that the respondents most wanted to know about human infection with avian influenza were ： the status of human infection with avian influenza （66. 7% ） ; questions about vaccine（42. 4% ） ; how to prevent（36.3% ） ; drugs about treatment and prevention （25.8%） ; how to disinfecti （21.9%）. Message that the respondents most wanted to know about influenza pandemic were： questions about isolation（62. 2% ） ; official statement of public interest issued immediately （50. 9% ） ; what were the control measures for official（35.7% ） ; how individuals prepared for pandemie （30. 1% ） ; what should the public do during influenza pandemic （23.4%）. Conclusion The response rate in this telephone survey was fairly high which indicates that telephone survey was well accepted by Guangzhou residents. Ninety percent residents don＇t care about Avian influenza. The public has a poor understanding on influenza pandemic.