正常人和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者上呼吸道的CT测量及比较

目的：探讨上呼吸道各平面的正常参考值及对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)的判断意义。方法：对42例健康人和27例OSAS患者采用螺旋CT自鼻咽顶壁平扫至环状软骨下缘平面，应用图像处理工作站有关测量技术，分别测量正常人和OSAS患者清醒状态下上呼吸道的软腭后区、悬雍垂区、舌后区和会厌后区的横截面积及冠、矢状径。将其测量数值分别除以环状软骨平面气道的相应值；探讨正常参考值范围，并与OSAS患者上呼吸道测量值比较。结果：上呼吸道四个平面的每组参考值各不相同，且男女之问参考值存在差异，而地区、身高和年龄等因素对其影响不大。42例健康人上呼吸道各平面横截面积低于参考值者5例(11．9％)，27例OSAS各平面的横截面积在正常参考值内者4例(14．8％)。结论：上呼吸道各平面的上述参考值有助于判断上呼吸道的狭窄，对OSAS的诊断和治疗方法选择有一定意义。

CT measurement and comparison on upper airway between normal adults and patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Objective:To investigate the significance of CT measurement on obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) through exploring reference value of upper airway of normal adults.Methods:42 normal adults and 27 patients with OSAS were enrolled in this study. The upper airway levels from the roof of nasopharynx to the inferior border of annular cartilage were sacanned by the spiral CT. Using the skills of image handling workstation, the areas, the coronary and arrowy diameter dimensions of palate, uvula, lingua, epiglottis reigions were measured. The value of every level was divided by the relative annular cartilage value so as to explore the normal reference range.Results:The reference values on the four upper airway level of each group are different and there has significant difference between male and female and no relationship with areas, body height and age. The values of 5(11.9%) cases in normal adults group and 4 cases in OSAS group are below the reference range.Conclusion:The mentioned-above referece value in each level is useful to the judgement of the upper airway structure and it also has significance to the diagnosis and the therapeutics in OSAS patients.