农村留守儿童个性情绪及行为特征的研究

目的 探讨农村留守儿童的个性行为情绪状况.方法 采用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、流调用儿童抑郁量表(CES-DC)、Rutter儿童行为量表教师问卷、儿童自我意识量表(PHCSS)、对900名7～16岁农村儿童进行调查,对留守组与非留守组儿童资料进行分析.结果 显示留守儿童EPQ的P分、N分(5.25±2.56)分、(9.48±5.33)分]高于对照组(4.79±2.16)分、(8.10±4.97)分],差异有显著性( P ＜0.05,P ＜0.01);留守组儿童个性偏差检出率为64.4%,高于非留守组的47.6%(χ2=21.25 P ＜0.01); 抑郁症状检出率40.4%,高于对照组的27.8%,差异有显著性(χ2=13.78,P ＜0.01).留守儿童CES-DC得分(18.24±8.65)分] 高于对照组(15.85±7.45)分],差异有显著性( P ＜0.01);留守组在躯体外貌、幸福与满足、A行为上得分低于对照组( P ＜0.05, P ＜0.01).年龄越大上述现象越明显.结论 农村留守儿童的心理卫生状况差于同龄非留守儿童,其问题主要表现在个性缺陷和抑郁症状,及主观幸福感的降低.

Personality and emotion and behavior status of children left-behind in rural areas

Objective To explore personality and emotion and behavior status of children left-behind in rural areas.Methods A survey was carried out in 900 children who were aged 7～16 years in rural areas with Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), Center for Epidemiological Studies of Depression scale for Children(CES-DC),Rutter Children's Behavior questionnaire for completion by teacher,Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale(PHCSS), then the left-behind group and the no left-behind group were compared.Results Left-behind children gained higher scores than no left-behind children did in P(5.25±2.56 vs 4.79±2.16,P ＜0.05) and N(9.48±5.33 vs 8.10±4.97,P ＜0.01) dimension and CES-DC(18.24±8.65 vs 15.85±7.45,P ＜0.01),The prevalence of character limitations was significantly higher in group left-behind(64.4%) than that in no left-behind group(47.6% )(χ2=21.25,P ＜0.01) .The group left-behind with depressive symptoms had significant higher(40.4%) than group no left-behind did(27.8%)(χ2=13.78,P ＜0.01).The group gained lower scores in physical appearance and attributes,happy and satisfaction factors,type A behavior,( P ＜0.05,P ＜0.01). It's seemed that the older children have the more problems.Conclusion The mental health condition of children left-behind is poor,obviously in character limitations and depression symptoms,and,lower level with Subjective Well-being.