北京温泉社区中老年2型糖尿病人群伴发代谢综合征的患病率及分布特征

目的 了解北京温泉社区中老年2型糖尿病人群伴发代谢综合征的患病率,并分析其各组分的分布特征.方法 采用随机抽样方法选取北京海淀温泉社区已确诊2型糖尿病的3 050名中老年患者,测量体质量、身高、血压,计算体质量指数,同时静脉采血化验血糖、血脂,评估代谢综合征及其各组分患病率与年龄、性别的关系.结果 ①本研究中,单纯2型糖尿病占5.1%（156/3 050）,94.9%（2 894/3 050）的2型糖尿病患者均合并1项或1项以上的代谢异常,其中58.1%（1 772/3 050）合并高血压,68.3%（2 083/3 050）合并高三酰甘油血症,54.5%（1 661/3 050）合并低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症,67.9%（2 070/3 050）合并中心性肥胖,56.7%（1 729/3 050）伴发代谢综合征.②随年龄增长,中老年2型糖尿病患者的代谢综合征及其各组分患病率逐年增加,差异具有统计学意义,但年龄≥70岁组老人血脂异常及肥胖的患病率出现下降趋势.③女性2型糖尿病患者代谢综合征及各组分患病率均高于男性,尤以低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症最为明显.结论 在北京温泉社区中老年2型糖尿病患者中,94.9%的患者伴有其他代谢异常,56.7%的患者伴发代谢综合征,故对糖尿病的管理不能只注重血糖控制,必须进行血糖、血压、血脂、体质量等的综合管理.年龄增长及性别差异是2型糖尿病合并代谢综合征及各组分患病率的高危因素,应加强对中老年人群及女性2型糖尿病患者代谢综合征的防治.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its distribution characteristics in elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Beijing Wenquan community

Objective To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its distribution characteristics in elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Beijing Wenquan community.Methods Data such as body weight, height, body mass index, blood glucose, and blood lipid were collected from 3 050 elderly patients who have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Beijing Haidian Wenquan community by the method of random sampling,to analyze the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and relationship between each component and age and sex. Results 1 Among 3 050 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, 156(5.1%)had isolated type 2 diabetes mellitus diabetes, 2 894 (94.9%) had type 2 diabetes mellitus with one or more metabolic abnormalities, 1 772(58.1%)had type 2 diabetes mellitus with hypertension,2 083(68.3%)had type 2 diabetes mellitus with hypertriglyceridemia,1 661(54.5%)had type 2 diabetes mellitus with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,2070 (67.9%)had type 2 diabetes mellitus with central obesity, 1 729(56.7%)had type 2 diabetes mellitus with metabolic syndrome. 2 With the growth of age, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in type 2 diabetes mellitus in elderly patients is increased year by year, the difference was statistically significant, but the prevalence of dyslipidemia and obesity has declined in the group of older than seventy years.3 Female type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome and its components had higher prevalence than that of males, especially in the low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was most obvious. Conclusion Among the elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Wenquan community of Beijing, 94.9% of them with other metabolic abnormalities,56.7% of them had metabolic syndrome. So, community diabetic management must be implemented in an all-round way, including control of blood pressure, blood lipids, body weight and so on, in addition to control of blood sugar. Age and gender differences are risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with metabolic syndrome and its components prevalence, we should strengthen the prevention of metabolic syndrome in elderly and women patients.