2009和2015年贵阳市城区居民糖尿病、糖尿病前期患病率比较研究

目的 分析2009年和2015年贵阳市人群糖尿病和糖尿病前期患病率变化及原因。方法 分别于2009年11月- 2010年2月和2015年1月- 2015年3月，在贵阳地区采用分层整群抽样方法对调查年龄≥20岁的社区人口进行糖尿病及糖尿病前期患病率的调查。2次调查的程序和使用的工具相同。结果 2009年调查中，性别、年龄标化后糖尿病及糖尿病前期标准化患病率分别为13.0%及18.9％(粗率分别为13.0% 及18.9%); 2015年调查中，性别、年龄标化后糖尿病及糖尿病前期患病率为14.9%及20.9%(粗率分别为15.8%、21.7%)。较2009年有所升高（χ2 = 4.586，P = 0.032；χ2 = 10.488，P = 0.001）。2015年调查显示，在Logistic回归模型中，多变量校正后结果发现，增龄、男性、超重、向心性肥胖、高TG、高收缩压、吸烟等与糖尿病、糖尿病前期相关（均P＜0.05），其中超重为二者的第一位影响因素，此外，饮酒也可增加糖尿病患病风险（P = 0.015），但与糖尿病前期无明显相关（P = 0.147）。与2009 - 2010年调查结果相比，无明显变化。结论 2015年贵阳市城区20～79岁人群的糖尿病及糖尿病前期患病率较2009年显著升高，以男性较为突出；男性、增龄、超重、高收缩压、血脂异常以及吸烟、饮酒等因素为糖尿病、糖尿病前期患病率升高的原因，需及时采取积极有效的措施，干预糖代谢异常流行。

Prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in Guiyang between 2009 and 2015

Objective This work was to analyze the prevalence and major risk factors for diabetes and pre-diabetes during 2009 ~ 2015 in Guiyang urban area. Methods The first prevalence survey was carried out in Guiyang, China, during November 2009 to February 2010 and the second survey was during January 2015 to March 2015. For both surveys, residents aged 20 years or above were selected by using the stratified random sampling method. Results The crude detection rates of diabetes and pre-diabetes were 13.0%, 18.9% for 2009 and 15.8%, 21.7% for 2015, respectively. After adjusting for age and gender, the rates of diabetes and pre-diabetes increased from 13.0%,18.9% in 2009 to 14.9%, 20.9% in 2015, respectively（χ2=4.586，P=0.032；χ2=10.488，P=0.001）. The multivariate analysis showed that the male, age, weight, obesity, central obesity, elevated systolic blood pressure, elevated serum triglyceride level and smoking were all significantly associated with an increased risk of diabetes and pre-diabetes in 2015, with overweight dominating. In addition, drinking alcohol can also increase the risk of diabetes, but showed no significant correlation with pre-diabetes. Similar results were observed in 2009. Conclusion The prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in 2015 was higher than that in 2009 among people aged 20-79 in Guiyang urban area, particularly among men. Age, overweight, hypertension，dyslipidemia，smoking and alcohol drinking were important risk factors. Some positive and effective measures must be taken to intervene abnormal glycol-metabolism.