2007 - 2014年武汉市儿童流感病原学监测结果分析

目的 对武汉市2007 - 2014年儿童流感病原学监测资料进行分析，掌握其流行规律、病毒分型和活动水平，为儿童流感的预防和流行提供依据。方法 对流感样病例采集咽拭子标本，用Real time-PCR分子生物学法进行流感病毒检测，对不同流感病毒的流行进行季节和年龄分布的统计学分析。结果 共采样5 232份，病毒分离阳性率为22.23%，其中A型流感病毒占71.53%，B型流感病毒占28.47%。2007年 - 2011年，季H3亚型阳性率在7 - 9月达到高峰，2012年后，每年12月 - 次年3月阳性率出现次高峰。新甲H1亚型、B型Yamagata系和Victoria系阳性率高峰均保持在每年12月至次年3月。3岁以下、3～5岁、6～10岁、11～15岁和16～18岁年龄段儿童流感病毒分离阳性率分别为14.97%、22.83%、40.45%、40.96%和75.00%。 结论 季H3亚型的流行时间由夏季高发转变为夏季和冬春季均高发；新甲H1亚型、B型Yamagata系和Victoria系为冬春季高发。流感病毒阳性率与年龄存在线性趋势，5岁以下儿童和中小学生属易感人群。

Analysis of the Children's Influenza Pathogenic Surveillance in Wuhan City between 2007 and 2014

Objective This work was to analyze the data of Children's Influenza Pathogenic Surveillance in Wuhan from 2007 to 2014, and learnits epidemiological characteristics, the subtypes and the avtivity level of the virus, so as to provide evidence for the prevention of influenza among children. Methods ILI throat swab specimens from the Wuhan children's hospital were collected. Viruses in the specimens were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Epidemic pattern and age distribution of different influenza virus were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 5232 cases of ILI were collected. Virus detection rate was 22.23%, among which A-type influenza virus accounted for 71.53% and B-type influenza virus 28.47%. The positive rate of A(H3) peaked between July and September from 2007 to 2011, and a second peak appeared from December to next March since 2012. The peak of positive rate of H1N1pdm, B-Yamagata and B-Victoria were maintained between December and next March every year. The positive detection rate of influenza virus among patients under the age of three , with age between 3 ~ 5 yeras, 6 ~ 10 years, 11 ~15 years and 16 ~ 18 years was 14.97%, 22.83%, 40.45%, 40.96% and 75%, respectively. Conclusion The peak time of A(H3) changed from summer only into summer and winter-spring. The peak time of H1N1pdm, B-Yamagata and B-Victoria was winter-spring. The positive detection rate of influenza virus was linearly correlated with age. Children under the age of five years and primary- and middle- school students were to the vulnerable groups.