梯度复合羟基磷灰石/二氧化锆组织工程骨：应用现状及进展

Hydroxyapatite/zirconia gradient composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: current uses and perspectives

BACKGROUND: Porous gradient hydroxyapatite/zirconia composite, which can adhere to a variety of cells, such as osteoblasts, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes, can induce and promote fracture healing or replace bone defects. OBJECTIVE: To review the development and application of porous gradient hydroxyapatite/zirconia composite in bone tissue engineering. METHODS: Articles related to porous gradient hydroxyapatite/zirconia composite in bone tissue engineering were retrieved in CNKI and PubMed databases (1971-01/2014-12). The key words were “porous bioceramic, bone tissue engineering, bone morphogenetic protein-2, induced pluripotent stem cells” in Chinese and English, respectively. A total of 54 articles based on inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were obtained for the review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Porous gradient hydroxyapatite/zirconia composite can provide a scaffold to induce naturally forming bone growing to fill the three-dimensional pores, thus realizing the perfect integration of tissue-engineered bone material and host-bone tissue. As zirconia functions as an enhancer of hydroxyapatite, high-quality artificial bone materials, which have elastic modulus, fracture toughness and structure similar to human bone, can be prepared by adjusting the proportion and porosity of materials. Additionally, the new hydroxyapatite/zirconia foamed ceramics as tissue-engineered bone carrying bone morphogenetic protein-2/chitosan gel sustained release system and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells will be expected to increase bone formation and bone fusion rates significantly in the future.