2009-2014年寿光市新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗免疫后5年效果分析

目的 观察新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗免疫后5年预防效果。方法 对完成3剂次5μg酿酒酵母乙肝疫苗接种及免后抗体检测者5年后进行随访调查,定量检测乙肝表面抗原抗体(抗-HBs)、乙肝核心抗体(抗-HBc)。结果 对初免应答抗-HBs≥100mIU/ml且无乙肝疫苗再接种史的577名儿童检测结果分析,抗-HBs阳性377例、阳性率65.34%,几何平均滴度(GMT)37.75 mIU/ml±88.37 mIU/ml,无乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性者。与5年前的初免后检测结果比较,抗-HBs阳性率下降34.66%,年均递减8.16%;GMT下降91.58%,年均递减40.08%。出生体重重、初免应答水平高5年后抗-HBs阳性率高于出生体重轻、初免应答水平低者。结论 基因重组乙肝疫苗免疫后5年,免疫效果良好,存在较好的免疫持久性和保护效果。出生体重与初免应答水平可能影响免疫持久性。

Effects of immunization 5 years later with hepatitis B vaccine for newborns in Shouguang,2009-2014

Objective To observe the preventive effects and correlation factors of newborns with hepatitis B vaccination 5 years later. Methods Follow-up investigation on completing 3 doses of 5μg yeast hepatitis B vaccination and detection of antibodies in 5 years later were carried out,and the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen antibody (anti-HBs) and hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) was taken quantitatively. Results The detection results of 577 children were analyzed,who the initial immunity response against-HBs ≥ 100 mIU/ml and no hepatitis B vaccine history again. 377 cases were anti-HBs positive,with the positive rate 65.34%,and the GMT was 37.75 mIU/ml ±88.37 mIU/ml. No case was positive on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Compared with the results after primary immunization 5 years ago,the positive rate of anti-HBs fell by 34.66%,with an average annual decline rate of 8.16%. Meanwhile,GMC decreased by 91.58%,with an average annual decline rate of 40.08%. Birth weight and initial immunity response level were the factors of influencing anti-HBs lasting effects. Conclusion 5 years after vaccination,the immune effect is good,and the immunization persistence and protection work well. Birth weight and initial immunity response level are the influencing factors of immunization persistence.