2009 - 2015年梧州市海水产品和水体霍乱监测结果分析

目的 分析2009 - 2015年梧州市海水产品和水样霍乱监测结果，为进一步采取预防控制措施提供依据。方法 根据《广西霍乱监测方案》和《霍乱防治手册》（第五版、第六版），对海水产品和水样进行采样监测、分离和鉴定。结果 2009 - 2015年梧州市共监测海水产品和水样2 877份，阳性71份，总阳性率2.47%；其中海水产品监测1 790份，阳性55份，阳性率3.07%；水样监测1 087份，阳性16份，阳性率1.47%；海水产品和水样阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 7.199，P = 0.007）；不同样品中以蛙类标本检出阳性率最高，阳性率高达13.01%；3个城区阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 9.816，P = 0.007）；71株阳性标本中，O1群稻叶型34株，小川型30株，O139群6株，非O1群非O139群1株；71份菌株均为非产毒株，霍乱肠毒素（CT）毒力基因均为阴性，18份小带联结毒素（Zot）毒力基因阳性，阳性率25.35%。结论 梧州市外环境存在适宜霍乱弧菌生长的因素，海水产品存在外源与本土2种情况污染，应加大对海水产品尤其是蛙类的监测力度，强化市场准入制度，避免霍乱疫情的发生和流行。

Analysis of surveillance of Vibrio cholerae in aquatic products and external environment water in Wuzhou City from 2009 to 2015

Objective This work was to analyze the monitoring data of Vibro cholerae in aquatic products and external environment water from 2009 to 2015 in Wuzhou city, and provide scientific basis for cholera prevention and control. Methods According to Guangxi scheme for cholera monitoring and Handbook of Vibrio cholera Prevention (5th and 6th edition)，samples of aquatic products and external environment water were withdrawn. V. Cholera detection，isolation，and identification were conducted on these samples. Results 2877 samples were collected from 2009 to 2015 and V. cholera were detected in 71 samples (2.47%). Among them, 55 were from 1790 aquatic products (3.07%), and 16 were from 1087 external environment water samples (1.47%), with statistically significant difference in the positive rates between aquatic products and external environment water samples（χ2=7.199，P =0.007）. The positive rate among frogs were the highest ( 13.01%) . The difference in the positive rate in the three city districts was statistically significant （χ2=9.816，P =0.007）.Serotyping showed that there were 34 inaba strains, 30 ogawa strains, 6 O139 strains and 1 strain of non-O1 non-O139 type in the 71 positive samples. All 71 strains were CT toxin gene negative, and 18 were Zot toxin positive (25.35%). Conclusion V. cholera existed in external environmental water in Wuzhou city. Foreign and domestic contaminations existed in aquatic products. We should strengthen the environmental monitoring (especially on frogs) and the market access system, so as to prevent and control cholera．