生物陶瓷宫内节育器的应用与安全性

Contraceptive effect and safety of a biological ceramic intrauterine device

BACKGROUND: Intrauterine device (IUD), widely used for contraception, achieves contraceptive effect by mechanical stimulation or chemical interference. Biological ceramics have been reported to have good performance and biocompatibility, but its effect used for IUD is rarely reported.OBJECTIVE: To explore the contraceptive effect of biological ceramic IUDS.METHODS: Totally 90 female rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=30 per group). The biological ceramic IUD and the bare copper IUD were respectively implanted into the middle of rat uterus, and blank control group received no intervention. One month later, according to the male and female ratio of 3:1, 30 male rats were selected to mate with female rats in the three groups. At 14 days after mating, 10 female rats were randomly selected from each group to detect the number of embryos in the implanted side and the number of pregnant rats, and the contraceptive rate was calculated. Ten rats among the remaining rats in each group underwent removal surgery of IUD, and mated with male rats again. After 60 days, the remaining rats were sacrificed to observe the morphology of liver, kidney and uterus.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The number of uterine embryos and pregnant rats in the groups of biological ceramic and bare copper IUD was significantly lower than that in the blank control group (P < 0.05), and the contraceptive rate reached 100% in the former two groups. The number of uterine embryos of implanted side and pregnant rats, and fertility recovery rate in the blank control and biological ceramic IUD groups were significantly higher than those in the bare copper IUD group (P < 0.05), but no significant differences were found between blank control and biological ceramic groups (P > 0.05). In the biological ceramic IUD group, there existed mild gland expansion, and visible some neutrophils both inside and outside the uterine cavity, but these phenomena were milder compared with the bare copper IUD group. No abnormal changes occurred in the rat kidney and liver. These results show that the biological ceramic IUD and bare copper IUD both can obtain the ideal contraceptive effect but make no damage to the rat kidney and liver. Especially, biological ceramic IUD holds better reversible recovery of fertility ability with less endometrial stimulation.