2013-2014年郑州市重症手足口病流行特征分析

目的 了解2013-2014年郑州市重症手足口病（HFMD）流行特征，为科学防控提供依据。 方法 对郑州市报告的385例重症手足口病例进行调查、分析，采集标本、检测肠道病毒。 结果 2013-2014年郑州市共报告手足口病37 076例，其中重症病例385例，重症比例为1.04%。重症手足口病例呈散发状态,农村高于城市；发病时间主要集中于4-7月(76.88%)。男女之比是1.64∶1；重症手足口病例的主要患者是3岁以下散居儿童。实验室检测结果显示:385例重症手足口病例中，有223例检出了肠道病毒，阳性率为57.92％；其中EV71阳性的有185例，占82.96％；CoxA16阳性的有6例，占2.69％，PE阳性的32例，占14.35％；重症病例与普通病例检出EV71的差异有统计学意义。 结论 EV71是重症手足口病例感染的主要病毒类型；重症病例具有明显的人群特征，落实综合性防控措施做好重症手足口病是防控工作的关键。

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of severe hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Zhengzhou City between 2013 and 2014

Objective The study aimed to assess the epidemiological characteristics of severe hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) in Zhengzhou City between 2013 and 2014, so as to provide a reference for the development of scientific prevention and control measures. Methods 385 severe cases of HFMD reported in Zhengzhou City were surveyed and analyzed, and specimens of the cases were collected for detection of enterovirus. Results A total of 37076 cases of HFMD were reported in Zhengzhou between 2013 and 2014, including 385 severe cases (1.04%). The severe cases were scatteredly distributed, with the number of cases higher in the rural area than in the urban area. The incidence (76.88%) peaked during April to July, and the male/female incidence ratio was 1.64∶1. The severe cases were mainly scattered children under the age of 3. Laboratory test results showed that among the 385 severe cases 223 cases (57.92%) were infected by enterovirus, including 185 EV71-positive cases (82.96%), 6 CoxA16-positive cases (2.69%) and 32 PE-positive cases (14.35%). The difference in positive rate of EV71 between the severe cases and regular cases was statistically significant. Conclusion EV71 is the main type of virus for severe HFMD, which are shown to exhibit strong population characteristics. Implementation of comprehensive control measures is the key to prevent and control severe HFMD.