2001 - 2015年宁夏新发尘肺病统计分析

摘要:目的 分析2001 - 2015年宁夏地区新发尘肺病发病规律和特征，为今后科学合理地做好尘肺病防制提供科学依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统，收集整理2001 - 2015年期间诊断上报的新发病例作为研究对象，进行回顾性的统计分析。结果 2001 - 2015年宁夏地区共有1 607例新发尘肺病患者，患者以男性为主，发病年龄主要集中在40～50岁区间范围内，接尘工龄主要集中在20～25年区间范围内，发病工种主要是采煤工和掘进；不同种类尘肺病的发病年龄构成、接尘工龄构成和期别构成差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 43.793,P ＜0.05; χ2 = 88.646，P ＜0.05; χ2 = 45.937，P ＜0.05）。结论 应根据尘肺病的发病特征，加强重点人群的职业健康监护和监督管理力度，有效预防和控制尘肺病的发生。

The analysis about clinical characteristics of pneumoconiosis cases in Ningxia 2001-2015

Abstract: Objective This work was to investigate the clinical characteristics and pattern of pneumoconiosis in Ningxia province from 2001 to 2015, and provide a scientific basis for drawing protective measures against pneumoconiosis. Methods From China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, pneumoconiosis cases in Ningxia province from 2001 to 2015 were collected and statistically analyzed. Results A total of 1607 pneumoconiosis cases were diagnosed in Ningxia province. Patients were predominantly male. The onset age was concentrated in 40 ~ 50 years old, and the start of dust exposure concentrated in 20 ~ 25 years old. The occupation of patients were mainly mining and tunneling worker. There were significant differences in the age structure, the length of dust exposure, and the length of stage between different types of pneumoconiosis（χ2=43.793,P<0.05; χ2=88.646，P<0.05;χ2=45.937，P<0.05）. Conclusion According to the epidemic characteristics of pneumoconiosis, we should strengthen occupational health surveillance and the management of key industries, key occupation and the key population, in order to effectively control the incidence of pneumoconiosis.