2011 - 2015年宿迁市禽流感职业暴露人群和环境监测结果分析

摘要:目的 了解宿迁市职业暴露人群H5N1 禽流感病毒抗体水平和环境中禽流感病毒的分布情况，为禽流感防控提供科学依据。方法 在2011 - 2015年采集从事家禽养殖、屠宰等人群血清标本用血凝抑制试验检测H5N1 抗体；对在城乡活禽市场等采集的环境标本用Real-time PCR法检测禽流感病毒FluA、H5、H7、H9核酸。结果 职业暴露人群572人份血清A（H5N1）抗体均为阴性；1 038份环境标本共检出流感A型阳性标本65份，阳性率为6.26%（其中H5阳性率1.64%，H7阳性率0.19%，H9阳性率3.28%，A未分型0.48%，混合感染0.58%）。结论 职业暴露人群血清标本中未检测出A（H5N1）禽流感病毒抗体阳性标本；宿迁市监测点环境中存在H5、H7、H9 禽流感病毒，存在人感染高致病性禽流感的风险。禽流感感染风险主要集中在城乡活禽市场。

Analysis on occupational exposure crowd and the environment of avian influenza in Suqian, 2011-2015

Abstract: Objective This work was to learn the H5N1 avian influenza virus antibody level in occupational exposure crowds and the avian influenza virus distribution in the environment of Suqian City, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of avian influenza. Methods The serum samples were collected from people engaged in poultry farming and slaughter during 2011-2015, and H5N1 antibody was detected by hemagglutination inhibition test. Environmental samples were collected from live poultry markets, and the nucleic acid of avian influenza viruses (Flu A, H5, H7 and H9) was detected by the real-time PCR method. Results All of the 572 tests for serum H5N1 antibody from occupational exposure population were negative. While in 1038 environment samples, the positive rate of avian influenza A virus was 6.26%, including H5 positive rate of 1.64%，H7 0.19%, H9 3.28%, untyped 0.48%, and mixed infection 0.58%. Conclusion The antibody-positive sample of type A avian influenza virus (H5N1) was not found among occupational exposure population. There were H5, H7 and H9 avian influenza viruses in monitoring areas of Suqian city, presenting high pathogenic avian influenza risk to human. The risk of avian influenza infection was mainly in urban and rural live poultry markets.