1995-2014年江苏省连云港市赣榆区肾综合征出血热监测结果分析

摘要:目的 分析1995-2014年江苏省连云港市赣榆区肾综合征出血热(HFRS)流行特征及宿主动物监测结果,探索控制HFRS的有效途径。方法 收集赣榆区1995-2014年HFRS人间疫情和宿主动物监测资料进行回顾性分析。结果 江苏省连云港市赣榆区1995-2014年共发生HFRS 1 065例,死亡11例,年平均发病率5.14/10万,病死率1.03%,疫情呈下降趋势,目前保持低发;全年各月均有发病,呈现春季发病高峰(春峰)和秋冬季发病高峰(秋冬峰),春峰有下降趋势,而秋冬峰则呈上升趋势;该区18个镇均有发病,HFRS疫情呈丘陵>平原>沿海的地区发病特点;发病年龄集中在30～50岁年龄组,占70.42%;男女性别比2.18∶1;病例职业分布以农民为主占88.37%,其次学生占5.63%。临床诊断病例与血清抗体检测符合率为59.59%;2000-2009年健康人群免疫水平高于1995-1999年。1995年以来宿主动物监测显示,该区仍为家鼠、野鼠混合型疫区,年平均混合带毒指数与发病率呈正相关。结论 该区应有组织地开展防鼠、灭鼠,定期开展健康人群免疫水平监测,适时对农民等重点人群实施HFRS疫苗应急接种。

Surveillance of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Ganyu,1995-2014

Abstract:Objective To understand the incidence trend and epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS)in Ganyu district Lianyungang City,Jiangsu province from 1995 to 2014 and provide evidence for the development of HFRS prevention and control strategies.Methods The analysis was conducted on surveillance data of HFRS and population in Ganyu district Lianyungang City from 1995 to 2014.Results A total of 1065 HFRS cases were reported including 11 deaths.The average annual incidence rate was 5.14/lakh,and the case fatality rate was 1.03%.The case showed a declining trend,and was controlled at a low level.The annual incidence was relatively stable with two peaks during a year.The case in the spring showed a declining trend,while showed a trend of increasing in the autumn and winter.The case was distributed in every towns.More cases in the hilly land than in the plain area,and more cases in the plain area than in the coastal area.Of all patients,70.42% was mainly in the 30-50 age group,and the sex ratio of HFRS was 2.18:1.88.37% of all cases were peasants,and 5.63% of them the students.Clinical diagnosis cases and serum antibody detection coincidence rate was 59.59%.The antibody positive rate in healthy population from 2000 to 2009 was higher than from that from 1995 to 1999.The surveillance data shows the district was still as mice,rats mixed epidemic area.Annual average mixed rat poisoned index was positively correlated with incidence rate.Conclusion Vaccination,prevention and deratization are effective measures to control HFRS.