组织工程软骨构建中不同支架材料的特征

Construction of tissue-engineered cartilage: characteristics of different scaffolds

BACKGROUND: Most scholars believe that the cartilage tissue engineering is a new direction for the treatment of cartilage defects. It has made partial progress in the basic research, and to construct a scaffold is essential in cartilage tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review and summarize the application of different tissue-engineered scaffolds in articular cartilage repair. METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI, VIP and PubMed databases was performed for relevant basic research literatures published from January 2005 to January 2015 using the keywords of “tissue engineering,  scaffold, cartilage” in Chinese and English, respectively. Meanwhile, references in the retrieved articles were retrieved manually. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: For selection and preparation of tissue-engineered cartilage scaffolds, it is necessary to fully take into account the advantages and disadvantages of natural hydrogel materials, synthetic scaffolds, composite scaffolds, nano-scaffolds, and injectable scaffolds. Currently, there is still no normal transition between all tissue-engineered cartilage scaffolds and the natural cartilage. Therefore, to develop nano-multilayer integrated scaffolds with the calcified cartilage layer is expected to become one of the research focuses of bone and cartilage tissue engineering.