单倍体造血干细胞移植治疗白血病23例

Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for leukemia in 23 cases

BACKGROUND:Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is one of the effective methods in the treatment of leukemia. The haploidentical HSCT is an option for the patients who need a HSCT without a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donor.OBJECTIVE:To study the clinical efficacy of HLA-haploidentical HSCT on leukemia and its complications. METHODS:A total of 23 patients (4 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 12 of acute myelogenous leukemia, and 7 of chronic granulocytic leukemia) who had been treated with HLA-haploidentical HSCT from November 2007 to March 2015 were enrolled. Conditioning regimen I was set as cyclohexyl nitrosourea+cytarabine+busulfan+cyclophosphamide; regimen II as cyclophosphamide+total body irradiation; regimen III as fludarabine+cytarabine+busulfan+cyclophosphamide; and regimen IV as busulfan+cyclophosphamide. Cyclosporin A, mycophenlate mofetil, antithymocyte globulin and methotrexate were used to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Hematopoietic remodeling, complications and prognosis were observed in all patients undergoing HLA-haploidentical HSCT.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Of the 23 patients, 22 achieved reconstitution of the granulocyte series, and 19 achieved reconstruction of the megakaryocyte series. Additionally, there were 7 cases of acute GVHD and 4 of chronic GVHD. Transplant-related mortality was 22% (5/23) within 100 days post transplantation including graft failure, acute GVHD, intracranial hemorrhage and disseminated infections. There were 14 cases of disease-free survival from 100 days to 24 months post transplantation, 2 cases of death due to GVHD and fungal infection, or recurrence and chronic GVHD, and 2 cases of recurrence under treatment. These findings indicate that HLA-haploidentical HSCT is an effective approach for the treatment of patients with leukemia, which is worth further investigation in clinical practice.