Effects of cannabinoids on nitric oxide production by chondrocytes and proteoglycan degradation in cartilage |
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Authors: | Mbvundula Estery C Bunning Rowena A D Rainsford K D |
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Affiliation: | Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield S11WB, UK. estery.mbvundula@student.shu.ac.uk |
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Abstract: | Cannabinoids have been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects and reduce joint damage in animal models of arthritis. This suggests a potential therapeutic role in arthritis of this group of compounds. Cannabinoids were studied to determine whether they have direct effects on chondrocyte metabolism resulting in cartilage protection. Synthetic cannabinoids, R-(+)-Win-55,212 (Win-2) and S-(-)-Win-55,212 (Win-3) and the endocannabinoid, anandamide, were investigated on unstimulated or IL-1-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production in bovine articular chondrocytes as well as on cartilage proteoglycan breakdown in bovine nasal cartilage explants. Win-2 significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) NO production in chondrocytes at 1-10 microM concentrations. The combined CB(1) and CB(2) cannabinoid receptor antagonists, AM281 and AM630, respectively, at 100 microM did not block this effect, but instead they potentiated it. Anandamide and Win-2 (5-50 microM) also inhibited the release of sulphated glycosaminoglycans in bovine cartilage explants. The results suggest that some cannabinoids may prevent cartilage resorption, in part, by inhibiting cytokine-induced NO production by chondrocytes and also by inhibiting proteoglycan degradation. |
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Keywords: | AM281, 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-4-methyl-N-4-morpholinyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide AM630, 6-iodo-2-methyl-1-[2-(4-morpholinyl) ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl](4-methoxyphenyl)methanone anandamide, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenamide DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium FBS, foetal bovine serum IL-1α, interleukin-1 alpha NO, nitric oxide PBS, phosphate buffered saline sGAG, sulphated glycosaminoglycan Win-2, R-(+)-Win-55,212 [R-(+)-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3[(4-morpholinyl)methyl]pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazinyl]-(1-naphthalenyl)methanone mesylate] Win-3, S-(−)-Win-55,212 [S-(−)-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-[(4-morpholinyl)methyl]pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazinyl]-(1-naphthalenyl)methanone mesylate] |
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