ICU病区患者细菌感染特点及细菌耐药性分析

目的了解医院ICU患者感染病原菌的种类、检出率、分布及耐药情况,为临床治疗及ICU感染的控制提供病原学依据。方法对ICU患者的标本按"全国临床检验操作规程"进行接种与分离,采用美国Microscan-Walkaway40全自动微生物分析仪进行鉴定和药敏试验,用NCCLS推荐的表型确证法检测ESBLs和MRS,对分离菌的种类及耐药性进行分析。结果 ICU病区患者以发生呼吸道感染为主,1年内共分离病原菌216株,其中G-杆菌142株,65.7%;G+球菌50株,占23.1%;真菌24株,占11.1%。。G-杆菌以铜绿假单胞菌为主,占28.2%;G+球菌以凝固酶阴性的葡萄球菌为主,占80.0%,真菌以白色念珠菌为主,占75.0%。G-杆菌对氨苄青霉素耐药率较高,对泰能、氧哌嗪青霉素/Tazo、丁胺卡那耐药率较低;G+球菌对红霉素耐药率较高,对万古霉素、利奈唑胺、辛内吉敏感;白色念珠菌对7种常用抗真菌药物的耐药率为0～28%。结论 ICU患者易发生呼吸道感染,感染菌以G-杆菌多见,多数菌株具高度和多重耐药性。

Analysis of the characteristics of bacterial infection and antibiotic resistance in patients in the ICU

Objective To analyze the types,rate of detection,distribution,and drug resistance of pathogens in patients with infections in a hospital ICU in order to provide an etiological basis for clinical care and control of infection in the ICU.Methods In accordance with the standards of the National Clinical Laboratory Procedures,specimens from patients were inoculated into medium and pathogens were isolated.The Microscan-Walkaway40 automatic microbial analyzer (US) was used to identify pathogens and analyze their ...