猪牙皂对小鼠祛痰与耐缺氧作用的药效学研究

目的:初步筛选出猪牙皂中具有祛痰与耐缺氧作用的有效部位。方法:对猪牙皂总浸膏采用"不同极性溶剂萃取法"进行有效部位的分离,采用经鼻给药的方式进行祛痰实验和耐缺氧实验的常压耐缺氧实验、亚硝酸钠中毒存活实验和急性脑缺血性缺氧实验,给药7 d后检测酚红的排泌量及常压耐缺氧时间、亚硝酸钠中毒存活时间、急性脑缺氧存活时间。结果:(1)祛痰实验:与生理盐水组比较,石油醚、乙醚、正丁醇、水溶物这几个部位和盐酸氨溴索对照组均有明显的祛痰作用,正丁醇部位的祛痰作用更明显,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)耐缺氧实验:与生理盐水组比较,正丁醇部位显著延长小鼠常压耐缺氧存活时间和亚硝酸钠中毒存活时间;正丁醇和水溶物部位均显著延长小鼠急性脑缺氧存活时间,水溶物部位的作用更明显,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:猪牙皂中极性大的部位可能具有祛痰和耐缺氧作用。

The Pharmacodynamics Study of Gleditsia sinensis Lam on the function of Expectorant and Hypoxia Tolerance in Mice

Objective:To preliminarily screen the effective parts of Gleditsia sinensis Lam with hypoxia tolerance and expectorant effect.Methods:Seperated the effective part from the total extract of Gleditsia sinensis Lam by the method of "different polarity solvent extraction".Expectorant experiment,hypoxia tolerance test,survival test of sodium nitrite poisoning,and acute cerebral ischemia and hypoxia were conducted by the method of intranasal administration.The excretion of phenol red,hypoxia tolerance time,survival time of sodium nitrite poisoning and the acute cerebral hypoxia survival time were tested after 7 days.Results:(1) Expectorant experiment:Compared with the normal saline group,parts of petroleum ether,ethyl ether,n-butyl alcohol,water soluble matter and ambroxol hydrochloride control group had obvious expectorant effect.Among them,N-butanol part had the best effect with significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).(2) Hypoxia tolerance experiment:Compared with the normal saline group,the N-butanol part could markedly prolong the survival time in hypoxia tolerance test and after sodium nitrite poisoning.N-butanol part and water extraction part could markedly prolong the survival time in acute cerebral hypoxia,and water extraction part had the best effect with significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:The parts with strong polarity in Gleditsia sinensis Lam are likely to have hypoxia tolerance and expectorant effect.